Openstak 中, 常用 nova 命令对实例进行管理
常见管理方法有, 创建, 删除, 更改(resize flavor, 冷/热迁移), 查询 等
列出当前 tenant 中的实例
首先需要载入 keystone 验证信息
[root@gz-controller-209131 ~(keystone_admin)]# cat keystonerc_admin export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=你的openstack密码 export OS_AUTH_URL=http://240.70.115.80:5000/v2.0/ <- keystone 连接方法 export PS1='[\u@\h \W(keystone_admin)]\$ ' 使用 source 命令导入验证信息 [root@gz-controller-209131 ~(keystone_admin)]# source keystonerc_admin
命令帮助
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova help | grep -E 'boot|list|delete|stop|remove'
absolute-limits Print a list of absolute limits for a user
agent-delete Delete existing agent build.
agent-list List all builds.
aggregate-delete Delete the aggregate.
aggregate-list Print a list of all aggregates.
aggregate-remove-host
availability-zone-list
boot Boot a new server.
cloudpipe-list Print a list of all cloudpipe instances.
delete Immediately shut down and delete specified server(s).
dns-delete Delete the specified DNS entry.
dns-delete-domain Delete the specified DNS domain.
dns-domains Print a list of available dns domains.
dns-list List current DNS entries for domain and ip or domain
flavor-access-list Print access information about the given flavor.
flavor-access-remove
flavor-delete Delete a specific flavor
flavor-list Print a list of available 'flavors' (sizes of
floating-ip-bulk-delete
Bulk delete floating ips by range.
floating-ip-bulk-list
floating-ip-delete De-allocate a floating IP.
floating-ip-list List floating ips for this tenant.
floating-ip-pool-list
host-list List all hosts by service.
hypervisor-list List hypervisors.
image-delete Delete specified image(s).
image-list Print a list of available images to boot from.
interface-list List interfaces attached to a server.
keypair-delete Delete keypair given by its name.
keypair-list Print a list of keypairs for a user
list List active servers.
list-secgroup List Security Group(s) of a server.
network-list Print a list of available networks.
quota-delete Delete quota for a tenant/user so their quota will
rate-limits Print a list of rate limits for a user
reboot Reboot a server.
rebuild Shutdown, re-image, and re-boot a server.
remove-fixed-ip Remove an IP address from a server.
remove-floating-ip DEPRECATED, use floating-ip-disassociate instead.
remove-secgroup Remove a Security Group from a server.
secgroup-delete Delete a security group.
secgroup-delete-group-rule
secgroup-delete-rule
secgroup-list List security groups for the current tenant.
secgroup-list-rules
server-group-delete
server-group-list Print a list of all server groups.
service-list Show a list of all running services. Filter by host &
stop Stop a server.
usage-list List usage data for all tenants.
volume-delete Remove volume(s).
volume-list List all the volumes.
volume-snapshot-delete
volume-snapshot-list
volume-type-delete Delete a specific flavor
volume-type-list Print a list of available 'volume types'.
instance-action-list
force-delete Force delete a server.
restore Restore a soft-deleted server.
net-delete Delete a network
net-list List networks
baremetal-interface-list
baremetal-interface-remove
baremetal-node-delete
baremetal-node-list
Print list of available baremetal nodes.
migration-list Print a list of migrations.
list-extensions List all the os-api extensions that are available.
创建主机相关帮助
[root@station140 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova boot
usage: nova boot [--flavor <flavor>] [--image <image>]
[--image-with <key=value>] [--boot-volume <volume_id>]
[--snapshot <snapshot_id>] [--num-instances <number>]
[--meta <key=value>] [--file <dst-path=src-path>]
[--key-name <key-name>] [--user-data <user-data>]
[--availability-zone <availability-zone>]
[--security-groups <security-groups>]
[--block-device-mapping <dev-name=mapping>]
[--block-device key1=value1[,key2=value2...]]
[--swap <swap_size>]
[--ephemeral size=<size>[,format=<format>]]
[--hint <key=value>]
[--nic <net-id=net-uuid,v4-fixed-ip=ip-addr,port-id=port-uuid>]
[--config-drive <value>] [--poll]
<name>
列出flavor-list
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova flavor-list +--------------------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | +--------------------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | 05a60192-4e43-40ae-a2c7-d37d7e9a81b1 | 2core-8g-40g | 8192 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | 1012 | normal_1core | 2048 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 1 | 1.0 | False | | 12266e3a-a1fc-4f6a-83f8-fc841abce59e | b2c_allinone_8G | 8192 | 40 | 0 | 1024 | 4 | 1.0 | True | | 3017f87a-a3b2-46ef-8d37-ad341919b74c | 8core-8g | 8192 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 8 | 1.0 | True | | 43664714-1c93-4e7a-adbd-9e47a6a932fa | 2core-2g | 2048 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | 5c88939b-8807-4821-9718-5bafecc1daa2 | 2core-8g | 8192 | 20 | 0 | 2048 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | 76269352-5050-4095-b4f3-3ea86cb2879c | 2core-2g-40g | 2048 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | 8d20b341-d0a2-47e2-acf7-73e64d76a8fe | 4core-8g | 8192 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 4 | 1.0 | True | | 989f6219-3231-45b5-bcfd-daf87ac07705 | 8core-16g | 16384 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 8 | 1.0 | True | | 9bb5f019-0c7c-41fc-a3ed-e6e44413a3d3 | 8core-32g | 32768 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 8 | 1.0 | True | | a009164a-f9fe-47fc-9876-e27dbcef1040 | mysql_db | 4096 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 4 | 1.0 | True | | bfaefcff-f01b-42fc-bdec-1e5c9fa3c0a1 | b2c_allinone | 4096 | 40 | 0 | 1024 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | ced08277-a79f-491f-97eb-275d5271777e | b2c_web | 2048 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | dc98e6d6-143f-42c2-9482-ee6efb04ff7e | 4core-4g | 4096 | 40 | 0 | 1024 | 4 | 1.0 | True | | de61ffb3-b1fe-46ec-99c5-390e5280e6d7 | 4core-16g | 16384 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 4 | 1.0 | True | | edd174c2-7ce1-445d-86b0-3d10705a12b1 | 2core-4g | 4096 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | f43fe47d-0be6-4c8f-ba0e-cdfa8fea04e0 | b2c_web_1core | 2048 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 1 | 1.0 | True | | ff40b4a3-fd79-444b-884b-6447e5dc3265 | 2core-4g-40g | 4096 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 2 | 1.0 | True | +--------------------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
列出镜像命名
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# glance image-list | grep -v "+" | awk '{printf "%-35s %25s\n", $2,$4}'
ID Name
04135fe1-14d8-4480-a638-189ed93ea620 Centos5.8_2.9.4_old
c6ce9208-70d4-4b67-ad0a-a82927dcd5b7 Centos5.8_2.9.5
8f9686dc-3286-41ab-8a03-8a107aa56b27 Centos5.8_2.9.5_v1
e624e961-52a4-4c8f-81c4-809355707147 Centos5.8_2.9.6
a1e93465-b3ab-456e-ab30-24ed6d77c11f centos5.8_test_anquan05
f1739787-c454-4001-9253-c7c5d437aff5 Centos6.3_1.3
f87f65e3-24ff-44c0-8858-9662334679e4 Centos6.3_x86_64_1.2
764b2022-0ecf-4013-b68a-898e9c31fb46 Centos6.6_x86_64_1.10
2250a24b-c83d-4c6b-882f-87415a46ea83 Centos6.6_x86_64_1.12
301db4ff-a46f-4235-8f85-5414797377c5 Centos6.6_x86_64_1.6
3043d3e7-c565-44c1-ad5d-8efcb5e3bfe1 Centos65_x86_64_2.6
5aa770b3-8636-4532-9ffd-e1b0dca982be Centos7_Generic_1503
dd684f6d-2bf7-489a-97dd-af04c4758d62 pdns_20140430
4fc0d2a3-b8e0-4d6b-9490-39c82a330c1b pdns_20140430_old
0c47db9c-5f74-4544-8ada-0894c1d2c20c Win7
ec67eb1a-0789-4233-8b02-a6fd7cec12a1 windows-server-2012
4c91c621-c809-4989-a474-da87b5a49401 windows_server_2008
a7996093-9ae6-4dc0-b711-52f03b3a0663 windows_server_2008_v0.1
9eb26d0d-eedb-44ad-b826-03316423d167 windows_server_2012_v1.2
ebaf276d-be8b-44a8-87ff-df623bda5467 windows_server_2012_v1.3
e7905995-bc7c-4594-93d0-f989a18916fe windows_server_2012_v1.4
等价命令
nova image-list | grep -v "+" | awk '{printf "%-35s %25s\n", $2,$4}'
列出 secgroup
[root@station140 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova secgroup-list +--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------+ | Id | Name | Description | +--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------+ | 91a191a6-b89e-4f87-99c0-0fb985985978 | default | default | | 6966a8e4-0980-40ad-a409-baac65b60287 | terry | allow ping and ssh | +--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------+
列出可用网络
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# neutron net-list +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | id | name | subnets | +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | 0007150e-b600-4ea6-841d-79261bf10af8 | QA_NET | ecc5f5a4-1fd7-4428-9351-6809ada3ad08 10.199.160.0/19 | | 1e984167-3d90-49c0-91ad-b3910326fa5b | OPS_NET | c2844b96-c26b-483d-b7fe-c2c37ff75cec 10.199.134.0/24 | | 2530bdb0-8910-47d8-bcd5-696325c0cf7e | DMZ5_NET | 35267c69-b8f1-4e5f-9784-5d49db020944 10.199.52.0/24 | | 36c8028c-3ddb-44fb-b232-8eed3ee1c357 | DMZ1_NET | 6b70aad7-3547-4d8d-9ab6-d73d080db88f 10.199.48.0/24 | | 56886b13-e1a5-4213-8456-3616875a6a45 | MOBILE_NET | b18f5475-d334-4726-9508-b161e5998aed 10.199.144.0/20 | | 594a0802-d2df-4aa1-9b49-3a0c4caa55c0 | DMZ3_NET | 1bda2357-268f-4683-b21b-d1f69da62a9b 10.199.50.0/24 | | a46f6060-bfd2-44af-b90c-858ca62f19da | MGMT_NET | 91f2dc9f-9500-4615-989f-0d1562ab3c02 10.199.132.0/24 | | bd780fa9-33fb-4757-887c-c1821630a15b | DMZ4_NET | af474d04-baa0-4410-ac6f-3d7d282b95d6 10.199.51.0/24 | | c3a26318-9741-4067-bd29-49124ac40970 | DMZ6_NET | 2ec35a77-db91-4a9b-9497-ae3bef74035e 10.199.53.0/24 | | d107fe05-0fe9-4fea-9325-4cf2d0825101 | DEV_NET | b0bd1964-ef05-4aec-a602-9dc6a97ef9fd 10.199.192.0/18 | | db1786d1-b8c8-4d27-a4d1-6890d6162557 | QATOOL_NET | b986aeff-f3ba-4f18-9138-f39a6fef323d 10.199.133.0/24 | | e302ca3a-dc19-4387-90ef-f5eb188e98cd | TEST_NET | 1b2ea04c-060a-4f6e-a8d6-66754f90c530 10.199.64.0/22 | | f49a7526-ccbc-4d65-8169-433d19733887 | DMZ2_NET | d3c4da60-6ef1-4c1a-965a-036639ab62f1 10.199.49.0/24 | +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------+
启动第一个实例 (只有一个网卡)
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova boot --flavor 2core-2g --image Centos6.6_x86_64_1.12 --security-groups default --nic net-id=d107fe05-0fe9-4fea-9325-4cf2d0825101 terry.gz.vclound.com --availability_zone develop-zone
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-00017faf |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building | <- 状态为创建中
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | - |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| adminPass | tNMSsUoA7vcy | <- root 密码
| availability_zone | develop-zone | <- 云主机将会被创建在 develop-zone 中
| config_drive | |
| created | 2016-03-14T07:40:44Z |
| flavor | 2core-2g (43664714-1c93-4e7a-adbd-9e47a6a932fa) |
| hostId | |
| id | 7dcfee9a-9338-489b-a335-215b8441d67b |
| image | Centos6.6_x86_64_1.12 (2250a24b-c83d-4c6b-882f-87415a46ea83) |
| key_name | - |
| metadata | {} |
| name | terry.gz.vclound.com | <- 主机名
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | default |
| status | BUILD |
| tenant_id | bb0b51d166254dc99bc7462c0ac002ff | <- 云主机 uuid
| updated | 2016-03-14T07:40:44Z |
| user_id | 226e71f1c1aa4bae85485d1d17b6f0ae |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
查询明细信息
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova show 486c00a7-e7f8-4bc5-b346-4bef8510832a
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| DEV_NET network | 10.199.198.167 | <- 云主机 ip 地址
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | develop-zone |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | hh-yun-compute-130238.vclound.com |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | hh-yun-compute-130238.vclound.com | <- 物理机
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-00017fa5 |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | spawning |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building | <- 云主机状态
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | - |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| availability_zone | develop-zone | <- zone
| config_drive | |
| created | 2016-03-14T04:56:10Z |
| flavor | 2core-2g (43664714-1c93-4e7a-adbd-9e47a6a932fa) |
| hostId | c522176438f370bc97e823844364a051949cd49e22f86832ca6768f6 | <- 云主机 uuid
| id | 486c00a7-e7f8-4bc5-b346-4bef8510832a |
| image | Centos6.6_x86_64_1.12 (2250a24b-c83d-4c6b-882f-87415a46ea83) | <- images
| key_name | - |
| metadata | {} |
| name | terry.gz.vclound.com | <- 主机名
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | default |
| status | BUILD |
| tenant_id | bb0b51d166254dc99bc7462c0ac002ff |
| updated | 2016-03-14T04:56:21Z |
| user_id | 226e71f1c1aa4bae85485d1d17b6f0ae |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
下面显示为正常运行中的 instance
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova list --name terry.gz.vclound.com +--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks | +--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------------+ | 486c00a7-e7f8-4bc5-b346-4bef8510832a | terry.gz.vclound.com | ACTIVE | - | Running | DEV_NET=10.199.198.167 | +--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------------+
列出主机部分信息
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova list --fields "networks,name,status" --name terry.gz.vclound.com +--------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+--------+ | ID | Networks | Name | Status | +--------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+--------+ | 486c00a7-e7f8-4bc5-b346-4bef8510832a | DEV_NET=10.199.198.167 | terry.gz.vclound.com | ACTIVE | +--------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+--------+
注: fields 需使用小写进行定义
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova stop 486c00a7-e7f8-4bc5-b346-4bef8510832a [root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova list --fields "networks,name,status" --name terry.gz.vclound.com +--------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+---------+ | ID | Networks | Name | Status | +--------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+---------+ | 486c00a7-e7f8-4bc5-b346-4bef8510832a | DEV_NET=10.199.198.167 | terry.gz.vclound.com | SHUTOFF | +--------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+---------+
删除主机
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova delete 486c00a7-e7f8-4bc5-b346-4bef8510832a [root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova list --fields "networks,name,status" --name terry.gz.vclound.com +----+----------+------+--------+ | ID | Networks | Name | Status | +----+----------+------+--------+ +----+----------+------+--------+
冷迁移主机或者改变主机 flavor 方法
列出 flavor
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova flavor-list +--------------------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | +--------------------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | 05a60192-4e43-40ae-a2c7-d37d7e9a81b1 | 2core-8g-40g | 8192 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | 1012 | normal_1core | 2048 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 1 | 1.0 | False | | 12266e3a-a1fc-4f6a-83f8-fc841abce59e | b2c_allinone_8G | 8192 | 40 | 0 | 1024 | 4 | 1.0 | True | | 3017f87a-a3b2-46ef-8d37-ad341919b74c | 8core-8g | 8192 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 8 | 1.0 | True | | 43664714-1c93-4e7a-adbd-9e47a6a932fa | 2core-2g | 2048 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | 5c88939b-8807-4821-9718-5bafecc1daa2 | 2core-8g | 8192 | 20 | 0 | 2048 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | 76269352-5050-4095-b4f3-3ea86cb2879c | 2core-2g-40g | 2048 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | 8d20b341-d0a2-47e2-acf7-73e64d76a8fe | 4core-8g | 8192 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 4 | 1.0 | True | | 989f6219-3231-45b5-bcfd-daf87ac07705 | 8core-16g | 16384 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 8 | 1.0 | True | | 9bb5f019-0c7c-41fc-a3ed-e6e44413a3d3 | 8core-32g | 32768 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 8 | 1.0 | True | | a009164a-f9fe-47fc-9876-e27dbcef1040 | mysql_db | 4096 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 4 | 1.0 | True | | bfaefcff-f01b-42fc-bdec-1e5c9fa3c0a1 | b2c_allinone | 4096 | 40 | 0 | 1024 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | ced08277-a79f-491f-97eb-275d5271777e | b2c_web | 2048 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | dc98e6d6-143f-42c2-9482-ee6efb04ff7e | 4core-4g | 4096 | 40 | 0 | 1024 | 4 | 1.0 | True | | de61ffb3-b1fe-46ec-99c5-390e5280e6d7 | 4core-16g | 16384 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 4 | 1.0 | True | | edd174c2-7ce1-445d-86b0-3d10705a12b1 | 2core-4g | 4096 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 2 | 1.0 | True | | f43fe47d-0be6-4c8f-ba0e-cdfa8fea04e0 | b2c_web_1core | 2048 | 20 | 0 | 1024 | 1 | 1.0 | True | | ff40b4a3-fd79-444b-884b-6447e5dc3265 | 2core-4g-40g | 4096 | 40 | 0 | 2048 | 2 | 1.0 | True | +--------------------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
参考主机当前状态
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova show 7dcfee9a-9338-489b-a335-215b8441d67b | grep -E 'hypervisor_hostname|vm_state|flavor|task_state' | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | hh-yun-compute-130238.vclound.com | | OS-EXT-STS:task_state | - | | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | active | | flavor | 2core-2g (43664714-1c93-4e7a-adbd-9e47a6a932fa) |
当前云主机在物理机 hh-yun-compute-130238 上创建, 处于开机状态, 当前使用了 b2c_web_1core 的主机类型,
迁移, 重定义 flavor
nova resize 7dcfee9a-9338-489b-a335-215b8441d67b b2c_allinone
再次查询主机状态
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova show 7dcfee9a-9338-489b-a335-215b8441d67b | grep -E 'hypervisor_hostname|vm_state|flavor|task_state' | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | hh-yun-compute-130238.vclound.com | | OS-EXT-STS:task_state | resize_migrating | | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | active | | flavor | 2core-2g (43664714-1c93-4e7a-adbd-9e47a6a932fa) |当前主机处于 resize_migrating 状态
待完成迁移后, 再次查询状态
[root@hh-yun-puppet-129021 ~(keystone_admin)]# nova show 7dcfee9a-9338-489b-a335-215b8441d67b | grep -E 'hypervisor_hostname|vm_state|flavor|task_state' | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | hh-yun-compute-130214.vclound.com | | OS-EXT-STS:task_state | - | | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | active | | flavor | 2core-4g (edd174c2-7ce1-445d-86b0-3d10705a12b1) |
可见, 主机 flavor 已经发生改变, 另外, 云主机已经被迁移到 hh-yun-compute-130214 主机上,
