Android的四大组件中除了BroadCastReceiver以外，其他三种组件都必须在AndroidManifest中注册，对于BroadCastReceiver来说，它既可以在AndroidManifest中注册也可以通过代码来注册，在调用方式上，Activity、Service和BroadCastReceiver需要借助Intent，而ContentProvider则无需借助Intent。
Activity是一种展示型组件，用于向用户直接展示一个界面，并且可以接收用户的输入信息从而进行交互，对于用户来说，Activity就是一个Android应用的全部，这是因为其他三大组件对用户来说都是不可感知的。Activity的启动由Intent触发，其中Intent可以分为显式Intent和隐式Intent，显式Intent可以明确地指向一个Activity组件，隐式Intent则指向一个或多个目标Activity组件，当然也有可能没有一个Activity组件处理这个Intent。
Activity的工作过程
要分析Activity的启动过程，就需要从startActivity方法开始分析，startActivity方法有好几种重载方式，但是最终都会调用startActivityForResult方法，具体代码如下：
/** * @hide */
@Override
public void startActivityForResult(
String who, Intent intent, int requestCode, @Nullable Bundle options) {
Uri referrer = onProvideReferrer(); if (referrer != null) {
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REFERRER, referrer);
}
options = transferSpringboardActivityOptions(options);
Instrumentation.ActivityResult ar =
mInstrumentation.execStartActivity( this, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, who,
intent, requestCode, options); if (ar != null) {
mMainThread.sendActivityResult(
mToken, who, requestCode,
ar.getResultCode(), ar.getResultData());
} cancelInputsAndStartExitTransition(options);
}
在上面代码中，要注意的是mMainThread.getApplicationThread()这个参数，它的类型是ApplicationThread，ApplicationThread是ActivityThread的一个内部类，其实可以知道的是，ApplicationThread和ActivityThread在Activity启动过程中发挥着重要的作用。然后看下 mInstrumentation.execStartActivity方法，代码如下：
public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;
Uri referrer = target != null ? target.onProvideReferrer() : null; if (referrer != null) {
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REFERRER, referrer);
} if (mActivityMonitors != null) { synchronized (mSync) { final int N = mActivityMonitors.size(); for (int i=0; i<N; i++) { final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i); if (am.match(who, null, intent)) {
am.mHits++; if (am.isBlocking()) { return requestCode >= 0 ? am.getResult() : null;
} break;
}
}
}
} try {
intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(who); int result = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
.startActivity(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,
intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
token, target != null ? target.mEmbeddedID : null,
requestCode, 0, null, options); checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
} catch (RemoteException e) { throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
} return null;
}
从上面代码中可以看出，启动Activity真正的实现由ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()的startActivity方法来完成的，ActivityManagerService（简称AMS）继承自ActivityManagerNative，而ActivityManagerNative继承自Binder并实现了IActivityManager这个Binder接口，因此AMS也是一个Binder，它是IActivityManager的具体实现，其实ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()具体得到是AMS，在ActivityManagerNative中，AMS这个Binder对象采用单例模式对外提供，第一次调用它的get方法时它会通过create方法来初始化AMS这个Binder对象，在后续的调用中则直接返回之前创建的对象。这个过程源码如下：
/** * Retrieve the system's default/global activity manager. */
static public IActivityManager getDefault() { return gDefault.get();
} private static final Singleton<IActivityManager> gDefault = new Singleton<IActivityManager>(){ protected IActivityManager create() {
IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService("activity"); if (false) {
Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service binder = " + b);
}
IActivityManager am = asInterface(b); if (false) {
Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service = " + am);
} return am;
}
};
看到其中的源码，可以得知，Activity的启动过程又转移到AMS中，最终只需要分析AMS中的startActivity方法即可。同时，我们也在execStartActivity方法中看到这么一句：checkStartActivityResult(result, intent)，直观应该是启动Activity的结果，具体实现如下：
/** @hide */
public static void checkStartActivityResult(int res, Object intent) { if (res >= ActivityManager.START_SUCCESS) { return;
} switch (res) { case ActivityManager.START_INTENT_NOT_RESOLVED: case ActivityManager.START_CLASS_NOT_FOUND: if (intent instanceof Intent && ((Intent)intent).getComponent() != null) throw new ActivityNotFoundException( "Unable to find explicit activity class "
+ ((Intent)intent).getComponent().toShortString()
+ "; have you declared this activity in your AndroidManifest.xml?"); throw new ActivityNotFoundException( "No Activity found to handle " + intent); case ActivityManager.START_PERMISSION_DENIED: throw new SecurityException("Not allowed to start activity "
+ intent); case ActivityManager.START_FORWARD_AND_REQUEST_CONFLICT: throw new AndroidRuntimeException( "FORWARD_RESULT_FLAG used while also requesting a result"); case ActivityManager.START_NOT_ACTIVITY: throw new IllegalArgumentException( "PendingIntent is not an activity"); case ActivityManager.START_NOT_VOICE_COMPATIBLE: throw new SecurityException( "Starting under voice control not allowed for: " + intent); case ActivityManager.START_VOICE_NOT_ACTIVE_SESSION: throw new IllegalStateException( "Session calling startVoiceActivity does not match active session"); case ActivityManager.START_VOICE_HIDDEN_SESSION: throw new IllegalStateException( "Cannot start voice activity on a hidden session"); case ActivityManager.START_CANCELED: throw new AndroidRuntimeException("Activity could not be started for "
+ intent); default: throw new AndroidRuntimeException("Unknown error code "
+ res + " when starting " + intent);
}
}
作用很明显，就是检查启动Activity的结果，当无法正确地启动一个Activity时，这个方法会抛出异常信息，最熟悉的错误就是Unable to find explicit activity class，have you declared this activity in your AndroidManifest.xml?，当启动的Activity没有在AndroidManifest中注册时，就会抛出这个异常。
现在看AMS的startActivity这个方法：
@Override
public final int startActivity(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode, int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle bOptions) { return startActivityAsUser(caller, callingPackage, intent, resolvedType, resultTo,
resultWho, requestCode, startFlags, profilerInfo, bOptions,
UserHandle.getCallingUserId());
} @Override
public final int startActivityAsUser(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode, int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle bOptions, int userId) { enforceNotIsolatedCaller("startActivity");
userId = mUserController.handleIncomingUser(Binder.getCallingPid(), Binder.getCallingUid(),
userId, false, ALLOW_FULL_ONLY, "startActivity", null); // TODO: Switch to user app stacks here.
return mActivityStarter.startActivityMayWait(caller, -1, callingPackage, intent,
resolvedType, null, null, resultTo, resultWho, requestCode, startFlags,
profilerInfo, null, null, bOptions, false, userId, null, null);
}
从中可以看出，Activity的启动过程又转移到mActivityStarter.startActivityMayWait的方法上，在startActivityMayWait方法中又调用了startActivityLocked方法，然后startActivityLocked方法又调用了startActivityUncheckedLocked方法，最后调用了ActivityStack的resumeTopActivitiesLocked，此时启动过程转移到ActivityStack上。
总结一下，这其中走的流程图如下：
最终，通过源码分析，从IApplicationThread声明方法可以看出，内部包含了大量的启动、停止Activity的接口，此外还包含了启动和停止服务的接口。那么IApplicationThread的实现者到底是什么，答案就是ActivityThread内部的ApplicationThread，ApplicationThread的定义如下：
public interface IApplicationThread extends IInterface{
......//省略一部分代码}
我们可以看到IInterface接口有个类型IBinder：
/** * Base class for Binder interfaces. When defining a new interface, * you must derive it from IInterface. */public interface IInterface{ /** * Retrieve the Binder object associated with this interface. * You must use this instead of a plain cast, so that proxy objects * can return the correct result. */
public IBinder asBinder();
}
最终是通过Binder通信，系统为AIDL文件自动生成的代码，同时还有会一个ApplicationThreadProxy类，这个类其实AIDL文件自动生成的代理类，进而最终Activity的启动过程最终回到ApplicationThread中。ApplicationThread通过scheduleLaunchActivity方法启动Activity。
// we use token to identify this activity without having to send the
// activity itself back to the activity manager. (matters more with ipc)
@Override
public final void scheduleLaunchActivity(Intent intent, IBinder token, int ident,
ActivityInfo info, Configuration curConfig, Configuration overrideConfig,
CompatibilityInfo compatInfo, String referrer, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor, int procState, Bundle state, PersistableBundle persistentState,
List<ResultInfo> pendingResults, List<ReferrerIntent> pendingNewIntents, boolean notResumed, boolean isForward, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo) { updateProcessState(procState, false);
ActivityClientRecord r = new ActivityClientRecord();
r.token = token;
r.ident = ident;
r.intent = intent;
r.referrer = referrer;
r.voiceInteractor = voiceInteractor;
r.activityInfo = info;
r.compatInfo = compatInfo;
r.state = state;
r.persistentState = persistentState;
r.pendingResults = pendingResults;
r.pendingIntents = pendingNewIntents;
r.startsNotResumed = notResumed;
r.isForward = isForward;
r.profilerInfo = profilerInfo;
r.overrideConfig = overrideConfig; updatePendingConfiguration(curConfig); sendMessage(H.LAUNCH_ACTIVITY, r);
}
具体实现很简单，就是发送一个启动Activity的消息交由Handler处理，交给H处理，这个H具体类的源码：
private class H extends Handler { public static final int LAUNCH_ACTIVITY = 100; public static final int PAUSE_ACTIVITY = 101; public static final int PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING= 102; public static final int STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW = 103; public static final int STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE = 104; public static final int SHOW_WINDOW = 105; public static final int HIDE_WINDOW = 106; public static final int RESUME_ACTIVITY = 107; public static final int SEND_RESULT = 108; public static final int DESTROY_ACTIVITY = 109; public static final int BIND_APPLICATION = 110; public static final int EXIT_APPLICATION = 111; public static final int NEW_INTENT = 112; public static final int RECEIVER = 113; public static final int CREATE_SERVICE = 114; public static final int SERVICE_ARGS = 115; public static final int STOP_SERVICE = 116; public static final int CONFIGURATION_CHANGED = 118; public static final int CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT = 119; public static final int GC_WHEN_IDLE = 120; public static final int BIND_SERVICE = 121; public static final int UNBIND_SERVICE = 122; public static final int DUMP_SERVICE = 123; public static final int LOW_MEMORY = 124; public static final int ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED = 125; public static final int RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY = 126; public static final int PROFILER_CONTROL = 127; public static final int CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT = 128; public static final int DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT = 129; public static final int SUICIDE = 130; public static final int REMOVE_PROVIDER = 131; public static final int ENABLE_JIT = 132; public static final int DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST = 133; public static final int SCHEDULE_CRASH = 134; public static final int DUMP_HEAP = 135; public static final int DUMP_ACTIVITY = 136; public static final int SLEEPING = 137; public static final int SET_CORE_SETTINGS = 138; public static final int UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO = 139; public static final int TRIM_MEMORY = 140; public static final int DUMP_PROVIDER = 141; public static final int UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED = 142; public static final int REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS = 143; public static final int TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE = 144; public static final int INSTALL_PROVIDER = 145; public static final int ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS = 146; public static final int CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND = 147; public static final int BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED = 148; public static final int ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE = 149; public static final int START_BINDER_TRACKING = 150; public static final int STOP_BINDER_TRACKING_AND_DUMP = 151; public static final int MULTI_WINDOW_MODE_CHANGED = 152; public static final int PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_MODE_CHANGED = 153; public static final int LOCAL_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTED = 154; String codeToString(int code) { if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) { switch (code) { case LAUNCH_ACTIVITY: return "LAUNCH_ACTIVITY"; case PAUSE_ACTIVITY: return "PAUSE_ACTIVITY"; case PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING: return "PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING"; case STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW: return "STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW"; case STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE: return "STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE"; case SHOW_WINDOW: return "SHOW_WINDOW"; case HIDE_WINDOW: return "HIDE_WINDOW"; case RESUME_ACTIVITY: return "RESUME_ACTIVITY"; case SEND_RESULT: return "SEND_RESULT"; case DESTROY_ACTIVITY: return "DESTROY_ACTIVITY"; case BIND_APPLICATION: return "BIND_APPLICATION"; case EXIT_APPLICATION: return "EXIT_APPLICATION"; case NEW_INTENT: return "NEW_INTENT"; case RECEIVER: return "RECEIVER"; case CREATE_SERVICE: return "CREATE_SERVICE"; case SERVICE_ARGS: return "SERVICE_ARGS"; case STOP_SERVICE: return "STOP_SERVICE"; case CONFIGURATION_CHANGED: return "CONFIGURATION_CHANGED"; case CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT: return "CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT"; case GC_WHEN_IDLE: return "GC_WHEN_IDLE"; case BIND_SERVICE: return "BIND_SERVICE"; case UNBIND_SERVICE: return "UNBIND_SERVICE"; case DUMP_SERVICE: return "DUMP_SERVICE"; case LOW_MEMORY: return "LOW_MEMORY"; case ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED: return "ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED"; case RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY: return "RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY"; case PROFILER_CONTROL: return "PROFILER_CONTROL"; case CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT: return "CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT"; case DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT: return "DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT"; case SUICIDE: return "SUICIDE"; case REMOVE_PROVIDER: return "REMOVE_PROVIDER"; case ENABLE_JIT: return "ENABLE_JIT"; case DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST: return "DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST"; case SCHEDULE_CRASH: return "SCHEDULE_CRASH"; case DUMP_HEAP: return "DUMP_HEAP"; case DUMP_ACTIVITY: return "DUMP_ACTIVITY"; case SLEEPING: return "SLEEPING"; case SET_CORE_SETTINGS: return "SET_CORE_SETTINGS"; case UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO: return "UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO"; case TRIM_MEMORY: return "TRIM_MEMORY"; case DUMP_PROVIDER: return "DUMP_PROVIDER"; case UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED: return "UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED"; case REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS: return "REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS"; case TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE: return "TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE"; case INSTALL_PROVIDER: return "INSTALL_PROVIDER"; case ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS: return "ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS"; case CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND: return "CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND"; case BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED: return "BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED"; case ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE: return "ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE"; case MULTI_WINDOW_MODE_CHANGED: return "MULTI_WINDOW_MODE_CHANGED"; case PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_MODE_CHANGED: return "PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_MODE_CHANGED"; case LOCAL_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTED: return "LOCAL_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTED";
}
} return Integer.toString(code);
} public void handleMessage(Message msg) { if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) Slog.v(TAG, ">>> handling: " + codeToString(msg.what)); switch (msg.what) { case LAUNCH_ACTIVITY: {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStart"); final ActivityClientRecord r = (ActivityClientRecord) msg.obj;
r.packageInfo = getPackageInfoNoCheck(
r.activityInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo); handleLaunchActivity(r, null, "LAUNCH_ACTIVITY");
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
} break; case RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY: {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityRestart");
ActivityClientRecord r = (ActivityClientRecord)msg.obj; handleRelaunchActivity(r);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
} break; case PAUSE_ACTIVITY: {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityPause");
SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs) msg.obj; handlePauseActivity((IBinder) args.arg1, false,
(args.argi1 & USER_LEAVING) != 0, args.argi2,
(args.argi1 & DONT_REPORT) != 0, args.argi3); maybeSnapshot();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
} break; case PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING: {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityPause");
SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs) msg.obj; handlePauseActivity((IBinder) args.arg1, true, (args.argi1 & USER_LEAVING) != 0,
args.argi2, (args.argi1 & DONT_REPORT) != 0, args.argi3);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
} break; case STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW: {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStop");
SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs) msg.obj; handleStopActivity((IBinder) args.arg1, true, args.argi2, args.argi3);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
} break; case STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE: {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStop");
SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs) msg.obj; handleStopActivity((IBinder) args.arg1, false, args.argi2, args.argi3);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
} break; case SHOW_WINDOW:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityShowWindow"); handleWindowVisibility((IBinder)msg.obj, true);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case HIDE_WINDOW:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityHideWindow"); handleWindowVisibility((IBinder)msg.obj, false);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case RESUME_ACTIVITY:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityResume");
SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs) msg.obj; handleResumeActivity((IBinder) args.arg1, true, args.argi1 != 0, true,
args.argi3, "RESUME_ACTIVITY");
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case SEND_RESULT:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityDeliverResult"); handleSendResult((ResultData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case DESTROY_ACTIVITY:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityDestroy"); handleDestroyActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 != 0,
msg.arg2, false);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case BIND_APPLICATION:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "bindApplication");
AppBindData data = (AppBindData)msg.obj; handleBindApplication(data);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case EXIT_APPLICATION: if (mInitialApplication != null) {
mInitialApplication.onTerminate();
}
Looper.myLooper().quit(); break; case NEW_INTENT:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityNewIntent"); handleNewIntent((NewIntentData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case RECEIVER:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "broadcastReceiveComp"); handleReceiver((ReceiverData)msg.obj); maybeSnapshot();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case CREATE_SERVICE:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, ("serviceCreate: " + String.valueOf(msg.obj))); handleCreateService((CreateServiceData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case BIND_SERVICE:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceBind"); handleBindService((BindServiceData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case UNBIND_SERVICE:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceUnbind"); handleUnbindService((BindServiceData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case SERVICE_ARGS:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, ("serviceStart: " + String.valueOf(msg.obj))); handleServiceArgs((ServiceArgsData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case STOP_SERVICE:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceStop"); handleStopService((IBinder)msg.obj); maybeSnapshot();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "configChanged");
mCurDefaultDisplayDpi = ((Configuration)msg.obj).densityDpi;
mUpdatingSystemConfig = true; handleConfigurationChanged((Configuration)msg.obj, null);
mUpdatingSystemConfig = false;
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT:
ContextCleanupInfo cci = (ContextCleanupInfo)msg.obj;
cci.context.performFinalCleanup(cci.who, cci.what); break; case GC_WHEN_IDLE: scheduleGcIdler(); break; case DUMP_SERVICE: handleDumpService((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj); break; case LOW_MEMORY:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "lowMemory"); handleLowMemory();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityConfigChanged"); handleActivityConfigurationChanged((ActivityConfigChangeData) msg.obj,
msg.arg1 == 1 ? REPORT_TO_ACTIVITY : !REPORT_TO_ACTIVITY);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case PROFILER_CONTROL: handleProfilerControl(msg.arg1 != 0, (ProfilerInfo)msg.obj, msg.arg2); break; case CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "backupCreateAgent"); handleCreateBackupAgent((CreateBackupAgentData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "backupDestroyAgent"); handleDestroyBackupAgent((CreateBackupAgentData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case SUICIDE:
Process.killProcess(Process.myPid()); break; case REMOVE_PROVIDER:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "providerRemove"); completeRemoveProvider((ProviderRefCount)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case ENABLE_JIT: ensureJitEnabled(); break; case DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "broadcastPackage"); handleDispatchPackageBroadcast(msg.arg1, (String[])msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case SCHEDULE_CRASH: throw new RemoteServiceException((String)msg.obj); case DUMP_HEAP: handleDumpHeap(msg.arg1 != 0, (DumpHeapData)msg.obj); break; case DUMP_ACTIVITY: handleDumpActivity((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj); break; case DUMP_PROVIDER: handleDumpProvider((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj); break; case SLEEPING:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "sleeping"); handleSleeping((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 != 0);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case SET_CORE_SETTINGS:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "setCoreSettings"); handleSetCoreSettings((Bundle) msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO: handleUpdatePackageCompatibilityInfo((UpdateCompatibilityData)msg.obj); break; case TRIM_MEMORY:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "trimMemory"); handleTrimMemory(msg.arg1);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); break; case UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED: handleUnstableProviderDied((IBinder)msg.obj, false); break; case REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS: handleRequestAssistContextExtras((RequestAssistContextExtras)msg.obj); break; case TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE: handleTranslucentConversionComplete((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 == 1); break; case INSTALL_PROVIDER: handleInstallProvider((ProviderInfo) msg.obj); break; case ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS:
Pair<IBinder, ActivityOptions> pair = (Pair<IBinder, ActivityOptions>) msg.obj; onNewActivityOptions(pair.first, pair.second); break; case CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND: handleCancelVisibleBehind((IBinder) msg.obj); break; case BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED: handleOnBackgroundVisibleBehindChanged((IBinder) msg.obj, msg.arg1 > 0); break; case ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE: handleEnterAnimationComplete((IBinder) msg.obj); break; case START_BINDER_TRACKING: handleStartBinderTracking(); break; case STOP_BINDER_TRACKING_AND_DUMP: handleStopBinderTrackingAndDump((ParcelFileDescriptor) msg.obj); break; case MULTI_WINDOW_MODE_CHANGED: handleMultiWindowModeChanged((IBinder) msg.obj, msg.arg1 == 1); break; case PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_MODE_CHANGED: handlePictureInPictureModeChanged((IBinder) msg.obj, msg.arg1 == 1); break; case LOCAL_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTED: handleLocalVoiceInteractionStarted((IBinder) ((SomeArgs) msg.obj).arg1,
(IVoiceInteractor) ((SomeArgs) msg.obj).arg2); break;
}
Object obj = msg.obj; if (obj instanceof SomeArgs) {
((SomeArgs) obj).recycle();
} if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) Slog.v(TAG, "<<< done: " + codeToString(msg.what));
} private void maybeSnapshot() { if (mBoundApplication != null && SamplingProfilerIntegration.isEnabled()) { // convert the *private* ActivityThread.PackageInfo to *public* known
// android.content.pm.PackageInfo
String packageName = mBoundApplication.info.mPackageName;
android.content.pm.PackageInfo packageInfo = null; try {
Context context = getSystemContext(); if(context == null) {
Log.e(TAG, "cannot get a valid context"); return;
}
PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager(); if(pm == null) {
Log.e(TAG, "cannot get a valid PackageManager"); return;
}
packageInfo = pm.getPackageInfo(
packageName, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "cannot get package info for " + packageName, e);
}
SamplingProfilerIntegration.writeSnapshot(mBoundApplication.processName, packageInfo);
}
}
}
在LAUNCH_ACTIVITY中，可以看到这么一句handleLaunchActivity(r, null, "LAUNCH_ACTIVITY")，最终是交由handleLaunchActivity方法实现，它的源码是：
private void handleLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent, String reason) { // If we are getting ready to gc after going to the background, well
// we are back active so skip it.
unscheduleGcIdler();
mSomeActivitiesChanged = true; if (r.profilerInfo != null) {
mProfiler.setProfiler(r.profilerInfo);
mProfiler.startProfiling();
} // Make sure we are running with the most recent config.
handleConfigurationChanged(null, null); if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
TAG, "Handling launch of " + r); // Initialize before creating the activity
WindowManagerGlobal.initialize();
Activity a = performLaunchActivity(r, customIntent); if (a != null) {
r.createdConfig = new Configuration(mConfiguration); reportSizeConfigurations(r);
Bundle oldState = r.state; handleResumeActivity(r.token, false, r.isForward,
!r.activity.mFinished && !r.startsNotResumed, r.lastProcessedSeq, reason); if (!r.activity.mFinished && r.startsNotResumed) { // The activity manager actually wants this one to start out paused, because it
// needs to be visible but isn't in the foreground. We accomplish this by going
// through the normal startup (because activities expect to go through onResume()
// the first time they run, before their window is displayed), and then pausing it.
// However, in this case we do -not- need to do the full pause cycle (of freezing
// and such) because the activity manager assumes it can just retain the current
// state it has.
performPauseActivityIfNeeded(r, reason); // We need to keep around the original state, in case we need to be created again.
// But we only do this for pre-Honeycomb apps, which always save their state when
// pausing, so we can not have them save their state when restarting from a paused
// state. For HC and later, we want to (and can) let the state be saved as the
// normal part of stopping the activity.
if (r.isPreHoneycomb()) {
r.state = oldState;
}
}
} else { // If there was an error, for any reason, tell the activity manager to stop us.
try {
ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
.finishActivity(r.token, Activity.RESULT_CANCELED, null,
Activity.DONT_FINISH_TASK_WITH_ACTIVITY);
} catch (RemoteException ex) { throw ex.rethrowFromSystemServer();
}
}
}
进而performLaunchActivity方法最终完成了Activity对象的创建和启动过程，并且ActivityThread通过handleResumeActivity方法来调用被启动Activity的onResume这一生命周期方法。
那么performLaunchActivity方法主要完成如下几件事：
-
从ActivityClientRecord中获取启动的Activity的组件信息
-
通过Instrumentation的newActivity方法使用类加载器创建Activity对象
-
通过LoadedApk的makeApplication方法来尝试创建Application对象。值得注意的是在makeApplication方法中如果Application已经被创建过了，那么就不会再重复创建了，这也意味着一个应用只有一个Application对象。同时，Application创建完毕后，系统会调用Application的onCreate方法。
-
创建ContextImpl对象并通过Activity的attach方法来完成一些重要数据的初始化
-
调用Activity的onCreate方法
源码如下：
private Activity performLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) { // System.out.println("##### [" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "] ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(" + r + ")");
ActivityInfo aInfo = r.activityInfo; if (r.packageInfo == null) {
r.packageInfo = getPackageInfo(aInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo,
Context.CONTEXT_INCLUDE_CODE);
}
ComponentName component = r.intent.getComponent(); if (component == null) {
component = r.intent.resolveActivity(
mInitialApplication.getPackageManager());
r.intent.setComponent(component);
} if (r.activityInfo.targetActivity != null) {
component = new ComponentName(r.activityInfo.packageName,
r.activityInfo.targetActivity);
}
Activity activity = null; try {
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = r.packageInfo.getClassLoader();
activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(
cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);
StrictMode.incrementExpectedActivityCount(activity.getClass());
r.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
r.intent.prepareToEnterProcess(); if (r.state != null) {
r.state.setClassLoader(cl);
}
} catch (Exception e) { if (!mInstrumentation.onException(activity, e)) { throw new RuntimeException( "Unable to instantiate activity " + component
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
} try {
Application app = r.packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation); if (localLOGV) Slog.v(TAG, "Performing launch of " + r); if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
TAG, r + ": app=" + app
+ ", appName=" + app.getPackageName()
+ ", pkg=" + r.packageInfo.getPackageName()
+ ", comp=" + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString()
+ ", dir=" + r.packageInfo.getAppDir()); if (activity != null) {
Context appContext = createBaseContextForActivity(r, activity);
CharSequence title = r.activityInfo.loadLabel(appContext.getPackageManager());
Configuration config = new Configuration(mCompatConfiguration); if (r.overrideConfig != null) {
config.updateFrom(r.overrideConfig);
} if (DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) Slog.v(TAG, "Launching activity "
+ r.activityInfo.name + " with config " + config);
Window window = null; if (r.mPendingRemoveWindow != null && r.mPreserveWindow) {
window = r.mPendingRemoveWindow;
r.mPendingRemoveWindow = null;
r.mPendingRemoveWindowManager = null;
}
activity.attach(appContext, this, getInstrumentation(), r.token,
r.ident, app, r.intent, r.activityInfo, title, r.parent,
r.embeddedID, r.lastNonConfigurationInstances, config,
r.referrer, r.voiceInteractor, window); if (customIntent != null) {
activity.mIntent = customIntent;
}
r.lastNonConfigurationInstances = null;
activity.mStartedActivity = false; int theme = r.activityInfo.getThemeResource(); if (theme != 0) {
activity.setTheme(theme);
}
activity.mCalled = false; if (r.isPersistable()) {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state, r.persistentState);
} else {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state);
} if (!activity.mCalled) { throw new SuperNotCalledException( "Activity " + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString() + " did not call through to super.onCreate()");
}
r.activity = activity;
r.stopped = true; if (!r.activity.mFinished) {
activity.performStart();
r.stopped = false;
} if (!r.activity.mFinished) { if (r.isPersistable()) { if (r.state != null || r.persistentState != null) {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnRestoreInstanceState(activity, r.state,
r.persistentState);
}
} else if (r.state != null) {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnRestoreInstanceState(activity, r.state);
}
} if (!r.activity.mFinished) {
activity.mCalled = false; if (r.isPersistable()) {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnPostCreate(activity, r.state,
r.persistentState);
} else {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnPostCreate(activity, r.state);
} if (!activity.mCalled) { throw new SuperNotCalledException( "Activity " + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString() + " did not call through to super.onPostCreate()");
}
}
}
r.paused = true;
mActivities.put(r.token, r);
} catch (SuperNotCalledException e) { throw e;
} catch (Exception e) { if (!mInstrumentation.onException(activity, e)) { throw new RuntimeException( "Unable to start activity " + component
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
} return activity;
}
所以借用一张流程图，总体流程时序：
本文转自 sshpp 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/12902932/1924611，如需转载请自行联系原作者
