Tengine + uwsgi + django平台搭建-阿里云开发者社区

环境介绍：

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[root@localhost opsdev]# nginx -v

Tengine version: Tengine/2.0.3 (nginx/1.4.7)

[root@localhost opsdev]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS release 6.4 (Final)

[root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi -v

uwsgi: option requires an argument -- 'v'

getopt_long() error

[root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi --version

2.0.9

[root@localhost opsdev]# django -v

-bash: django: command not found

[root@localhost opsdev]# python -c "import django;print (django.get_version())"

1.7.2

[root@localhost opsdev]#

[root@localhost opsdev]# python -V

Python 2.7.6

Come on~

1、安装nginx

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[root@localhost tmp]# yum install pcre pcre-devel -y

[root@localhost tmp]# tar xf tengine-2.0.3.tar.gz

[root@localhost tmp]# cd tengine-2.0.3

[root@localhost tmp]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre --with-file-aio --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi

[root@localhost tmp]# make && make install

相关选项

 
             --prefix=/usr/local/nginx  
            
             安装目录
            
             --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
            
             配置文件存放位置  
            
             --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log  
            
             错误日志存放位置
            
             --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log  
            
             访问日志存放的位置 
            
             --with-http_ssl_module  
            
             启用SSL认证模块
            
             --with-http_flv_module  
            
             启用流媒体模块
            
             --with-http_gzip_static_module
            
             启用静态页面压缩  
            
             --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/  
            
             HTTP包体存放的临时目录
            
             --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/  
            
             定义从后端服务器接收的临时文件的存放路径，可以为临时文件路径定义至多三层子目录的目录树
            
             --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/  
            
             接收到FastCGI服务器数据，临时存放于本地某目录
            
             --with-pcre
            
             启动正则表达式rewrite模块

添加nginx二进制路径到PATH

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[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# vim /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh

[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# cat /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/

[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh

[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# nginx -v

Tengine version: Tengine/2.0.3 (nginx/1.4.7)

导出头文件

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[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# ln -sv /usr/local/nginx/include/ /usr/include/nginx

`/usr/include/nginx' -> `/usr/local/nginx/include/'

为tengine提供Sysv服务脚本

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#!/bin/sh

#

# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemin

#

# chkconfig:   - 85 15

# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \

#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server

# processname: nginx

# config:      /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

# pidfile:     /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.

[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

start() {

     [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5

     [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6

     echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

     daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

     retval=$?

     echo

     [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile

     return $retval

}

stop() {

     echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

     killproc $prog -QUIT

     retval=$?

     echo

     [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile

     return $retval

}

restart() {

     configtest || return $?

     stop

     start

}

reload() {

     configtest || return $?

     echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

     killproc $nginx -HUP

     RETVAL=$?

     echo

}

force_reload() {

     restart

}

configtest() {

   $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

}

rh_status() {

     status $prog

}

rh_status_q() {

     rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1

}

case "$1" in

     start)

         rh_status_q && exit 0

         $1

         ;;

     stop)

         rh_status_q || exit 0

         $1

         ;;

     restart|configtest)

         $1

         ;;

     reload)

         rh_status_q || exit 7

         $1

         ;;

     force-reload)

         force_reload

         ;;

     status)

         rh_status

         ;;

     condrestart|try-restart)

         rh_status_q || exit 0

             ;;

     *)

         echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"

         exit 2

esac

把该脚本放到/etc/init.d目录下并赋予该脚本权限

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[root@localhost tmp]# mv nginx /etc/init.d/nginx

[root@localhost tmp]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

添加到开机启动项并启动服务

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[root@localhost tmp]# chkconfig --add nginx

[root@localhost tmp]# chkconfig --level 35 nginx on

[root@localhost tmp]# chkconfig --list | grep nginx

nginx 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off

[root@localhost tmp]#

启动服务

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[root@localhost init.d]# service nginx restart

the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok

configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

Stopping nginx:                                            [  OK  ]

Starting nginx:                                            [  OK  ]

[root@localhost init.d]# ss -tunlp | grep 80

tcp    LISTEN     0      128                    *:80                    *:*      users:(("nginx",7602,6),("nginx",7604,6))

[root@localhost init.d]#

2、升级Python

为毛要升级Python呢，因为django1.5之后的版本导入django core是使用推导式的，而推导式list是python2.7之后才支持的，so~

如果你建立django项目的时候出现如下报错，请升级你的Python或降级django版本

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commands = {name: 'django.core' for name in find_commands(__path__[0])}

^

SyntaxError: invalid syntax

我们这里安装python 2.7.5

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[root@localhost tmp]# wget --no-check-certificate

[root@localhost tmp]# tar -xzvf Python-2.7.5.tgz

[root@localhost tmp]# cd Python-2.7.5

[root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# ./configure

[root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# make && make install

[root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak

[root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

修复yum,修改后/usr/bin/yum第一行如下所示

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[root@localhost tmp]# vim /usr/bin/yum

#!/usr/bin/python2.6

安装pip(如果你更新python之前安装过pip,这个时候多半是不能用的，建议从官网从新下载安装)

常见报错如下：

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Traceback (most recent call last):

   File "/usr/bin/pelican-quickstart", line 5, in < module >

     from pkg_resources import load_entry_pointImportError:

     No module named pkg_resources

解决办法：

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重新安装setuptools和pip即可解决

3、安装django并创建项目

安装django

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[root@localhost ~]# pip install django

创建项目（在nginx定义的目录下面）

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[root@localhost www]# django-admin startproject opsdev

4、安装uwsgi

安装uwsgi

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[root@localhost opsdev]# pip install uwsgi

测试

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#test.py

def application(env,start_response):

start_response('200 OK',[('Content-Type','text/html')])

return ["hello world"]

运行并查看结果

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uwsgi:uwsgi --http :9090 --wsgi-file test.py

5、uwsgi配置django

创建django_wsgi.py文件(和mange.py同级目录)

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[root@localhost opsdev]# ls

db.sqlite3 django_wsgi.py manage.py opsdev

django_wsgi.pyc media static

[root@localhost opsdev]# cat django_wsgi.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

# coding: utf-8

import os

import sys

# 将系统的编码设置为UTF8

#reload(sys)

#sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

#注意："mysite.settings" 和项目文件夹对应。

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "opsdev.settings")

#from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIHandler

#application = WSGIHandler()

# 上面两行测试不对，然后从stackflow上面看到了下面两行，测试ok

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

application = get_wsgi_application()

[root@localhost opsdev]#

创建django_socket.xml文件(和mange.py同级目录)

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[root@localhost opsdev]# cat django_socket.xml

< uwsgi >

     < socket >127.0.0.1:8077</ socket > 

     < chdir >/www/opsdev</ chdir >       

     < module >django_wsgi</ module > 

     < processes >4</ processes > 

     < daemonize >/var/log/uwsgi.log</ daemonize >

</ uwsgi >

[root@localhost opsdev]# ls

db.sqlite3         django_wsgi.py   manage.py  opsdev

django_socket.xml  django_wsgi.pyc  media      static

[root@localhost opsdev]#

验证是否能够正常访问

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[root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi --http :8000 --chdir /www/opsdev/ --wsgi-file django_wsgi.py

*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.9 (64bit) on [Thu Jan 8 12:21:15 2015] ***

compiled with version: 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-11) on 07 January 2015 23:29:52

os: Linux-2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Feb 22 00:31:26 UTC 2013

nodename: localhost.localdomain

如果上面没有出错，就说明uwsgi和django结合完毕

6、配置nginx配置文件（其他未做更改）

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        location / {

         include uwsgi_params;

         uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8077;

         }

     location /static/ {

         alias /www/opsdev/static/;

         index index.html index.htm;

     }

     location /media/ {

         alias /www/opsdev/media/;

     }

7、启动测试

启动uwsgi

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[root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi -x django_socket.xml

[uWSGI] parsing config file django_socket.xml

[root@localhost opsdev]#

启动nginx

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[root@localhost opsdev]# service nginx start

Starting nginx: [ OK ]

[root@localhost opsdev]#

查看进程

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[root@localhost opsdev]# ss -tunlp

Netid  State      Recv-Q Send-Q                                Local Address:Port                                  Peer Address:Port

tcp    LISTEN     0      100                                       127.0.0.1:8077                                             *:*      users:(("uwsgi",25703,3),("uwsgi",25704,3),("uwsgi",25705,3),("uwsgi",25706,3))

tcp    LISTEN     0      128                                               *:80                                               *:*      users:(("nginx",26427,6),("nginx",26429,6))

查看结果

常见FAQ:

uwsgi: invalid option -- 'x' getopt_long() error

解决办法：用“ yum install libxml*”即可解决。安装uwsgi时看到 “xml = libxml2”就表示成功了

“The translation infrastructure cannot be initialized before the ”
django.core.exceptions.AppRegistryNotReady: The translation infrastructure cannot be initialized before the apps registry is ready. Check that you don’t make non-lazy gettext calls at import time.

解决办法（修改django_wsgi.py）：

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原来：

import django.core.handlers.wsgi

application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

改成：

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

application = get_wsgi_application()

重启一下uwsgi。

no python application found, check your startup logs for errors

GET / => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (0 switches on core 0)

解决办法：检查django_wsgi.py配置文件，然后uwsgi单独访问下是否正常

还有很多东东要做，卧槽类。。。。

参考文档：在此表示谢谢！

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http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22148144/python-importerror-no-module-named-pkg-resources

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https://github.com/imelucifer/MyNote/blob/master/django/django%2Buwsgi%2Bnginx%2Bcentos%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2.md

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http://www.aaini.com/

本文转自lovelace521 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/lovelace/1600594，如需转载请自行联系原作者

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