《WCF技术内幕》翻译17：第1部分_第4章_WCF101：WCF快速入门

// File: HelloWCFApp.cs static void Main(){        // define where to listen for messages定义侦听消息的地址        Uri address = new Uri("http://localhost:4000/IHelloWCF");        // define how to exchange messages定义如何交换消息        BasicHttpBinding binding = new BasicHttpBinding();        // instantiate a ServiceHost, passing the type to instantiate实例化ServiceHost，传递服务类型        // when the application receives a message        ServiceHost svc = new ServiceHost(typeof(HelloWCF));        // add an endpoint, passing the address, binding, and contract增加终结点、绑定和契约        svc.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IHelloWCF), binding, address);        // begin listening开始侦听        svc.Open();        // indicate that the receiving application is ready and指示应用准备接受消息        // keep the application from exiting immediately保持应用程序不会立即退出        Console.WriteLine("The HelloWCF receiving application is ready");        Console.ReadLine();        // close the service host关闭宿主        svc.Close(); }

// File: HelloWCFApp.cs 
using System; 
using System.ServiceModel; 
using System.ServiceModel.Channels; 
    
// implement the IHelloWCF service contract 
sealed  class HelloWCF : IHelloWCF { 
  // indicate when a HelloWCF object is created 
 HelloWCF() { Console.WriteLine( "HelloWCF object created"); } 
    
  static  void Main(){ 
         // define where to listen for messages 
        Uri address =  new Uri( "http://localhost:4000/IHelloWCF"); 
        // define how to exchange messages 
        BasicHttpBinding binding = new BasicHttpBinding(); 
        // instantiate a ServiceHost, passing the type to instantiate 
        // when the application receives a message 
        ServiceHost svc = new ServiceHost(typeof(HelloWCF)); 
        // add an endpoint, passing the address, binding, and contract 
        svc.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IHelloWCF), binding, address); 
        // begin listening 
        svc.Open(); 
        // indicate that the receiving application is ready and 
        // keep the application from exiting immediately 
        Console.WriteLine("The HelloWCF receiving application is ready"); 
        // wait for incoming messages 
        Console.ReadLine(); 
        // close the service host 
        svc.Close(); 
 } 
    
 // received messages are dispatched to this instance 
 // method as per the service contract 
 public void Say(String input){ 
        Console.WriteLine("Message received, the body contains: {0}", input); 
 } 
} 
    
[ServiceContract] 
public interface IHelloWCF { 
 [OperationContract] 
 void Say(String input); 
}

C:\temp>csc /nologo /r:"c:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.Net\Framework\v3.0\Windows Communication 
Foundation\System.ServiceModel.dll" HelloWCFApp.cs 
    
C:\temp>HelloWCFApp.exe 
The HelloWCF receiving application  is ready

c:\temp>netstat –a –bTCP        kermit:4000                        0.0.0.0:0                            LISTENING             1104[HelloWCFApp.exe]

// File: HelloWCFApp.cs 
using System; 
using System.ServiceModel; 
using System.ServiceModel.Channels; 
    
// implement the IHelloWCF service contract 
sealed  class HelloWCF : IHelloWCF { 
  // indicate when a HelloWCF object is created 
 HelloWCF() { Console.WriteLine( "HelloWCF object created"); } 
  static  void Main(){ 
         // define where to listen for messages 
        Uri address =  new Uri( "http://localhost:4000/IHelloWCF"); 
        // define how to exchange messages 
        BasicHttpBinding binding = new BasicHttpBinding(); 
        // instantiate a ServiceHost, passing the type to instantiate 
        // when the application receives a message 
        ServiceHost svc = new ServiceHost(typeof(HelloWCF)); 
        // add an endpoint, passing the address, binding, and contract 
        svc.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IHelloWCF), binding, address); 
        // begin listening 
        svc.Open(); 
        // indicate that the receiving application is ready and 
        // keep the application from exiting immediately 
        Console.WriteLine("The HelloWCF receiving application is ready"); 
    
        // begin the sender code发送者代码开始 
        // create a channelFactory<T> with binding and address 
        ChannelFactory<IHelloWCF> factory = 
            new ChannelFactory<IHelloWCF>(binding, 
                                                                        new EndpointAddress(address)); 
        // use the factory to create a proxy使用工厂创建代理 
        IHelloWCF proxy = factory.CreateChannel(); 
        // use the proxy to send a message to the receiver使用代理发送消息给接受者 
        proxy.Say("Hi there WCF"); 
        // end the sender code发送者代码结束 
    
        Console.ReadLine(); 
        // close the service host 
        svc.Close(); 
 } 
    
 // received messages are dispatched to this instance 
 // method as per the service contract 
 public void Say(String input){ 
        Console.WriteLine("Message received, the body contains: {0}", input); 
 } 
} 
    
[ServiceContract] 
public interface IHelloWCF { 
 [OperationContract] 
 void Say(String input); 
}

c:\temp>csc /nologo /r:"c:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.Net\Framework\v3.0\Windows Communication 
Foundation\System.ServiceModel.dll" HelloWCFApp.cs 
    
c:\temp>HelloWCFApp.exe 
The HelloWCF receiving application  is ready 
HelloWCF  object created 
Message received, the body contains: HelloWCF! 
 
如期望的一样，我们的程序执行步骤如下： 
 
1.        为接受来自http: //localhost:4000/IHelloWCF的消息构建基础结构。 
 
2.        开始在http: //localhost:4000/IHelloWCF上侦听消息。 
 
3.        构建发送到http: //localhost:4000/IHelloWCF消息的基础结构。 
 
4.        生成和发送消息到http: //localhost:4000/IHelloWCF。 
 
5.        接受消息，实例化一个HelloWCF对象，分发消息到服务实例的Say方法上。 
 
看一下消息 
现在代码写完了，貌似没看到我们HelloWCF例子里哪里使用到了消息。对于开发者，一个WCF应用看起来和感觉都很 
 
像面向对象或者面向组件的应用。在运行时，WCF应用要生成、发送和接受消息，同样也要处理消息。通过修改Say 
 
方法的实现我们能看到WCF接触结构的消息： 
 
 
public  void Say(String input){ 
 Console.WriteLine( "Message received, the body contains: {0}", input); 
  // Show the contents of the received message显示接受消息内容 
 Console.WriteLine( 
        OperationContext.Current.RequestContext.RequestMessage.ToString()); 
} 
 
修改Say方法后的输出如下： 
 
 
The HelloWCF receiving application  is ready 
HelloWCF  object created 
Message received, the body contains: HelloWCF! 
<s:Envelope xmlns:s= "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> 
 <s:Header> 
        <To s:mustUnderstand="1" 
                xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/05/adessing/none"> 
            http://localhost:8000/IHelloWCF 
        </To> 
        <Action s:mustUnderstand="1" 
                        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/05/addressing/none"> 
                 http://tempuri.org/IHelloWCF/Say 
             </Action> 
 </s:Header> 
 <s:Body> 
        <Say xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"> 
            <input>HelloWCF!</input> 
        </Say> 
 </s:Body> 
</s:Envelope>

BasicHttpBinding binding = new BasicHttpBinding();

WSHttpBinding binding = new WSHttpBinding();

The HelloWCF receiving application  is ready 
Creating and sending a message to the receiver 
HelloWCF  object created 
Message received, the body contains: HelloWCF! 
<s:Envelope xmlns:a= "http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing" 
                        xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"> 
 <s:Header> 
        <a:Action s:mustUnderstand="1" u:Id="_2" 
                            xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401- 
                            wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> 
                 http://tempuri.org/IHelloWCF/Say 
             </a:Action> 
        <a:MessageID u:Id="_3" 
                                 xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis- 
                                 200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> 
            urn:uuid: 
        </a:MessageID> 
        <a:ReplyTo u:Id="_4" 
                             xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis- 
                             200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> 
            <a:Address>http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing/anonymous</a:Address> 
        </a:ReplyTo> 
        <a:To s:mustUnderstand="1" u:Id="_5" xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/ 
oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> 
            http://localhost:8000/IHelloWCF 
        </a:To> 
        <o:Security s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:o="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis- 
200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"> 
            <u:Timestamp u:Id="uuid--12" 
                                     xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis- 
                                     200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> 
                <u:Created>2006-08-29T01:57:50.296Z</u:Created> 
                <u:Expires>2006-08-29T02:02:50.296Z</u:Expires> 
            </u:Timestamp> 
            <c:SecurityContextToken u:Id="uuid--6" 
xmlns:c="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/sc" xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/ 
2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> 
                <c:Identifier> 
                    urn:uuid: 
                </c:Identifier> 
            </c:SecurityContextToken> 
            <c:DerivedKeyToken 
                 u:Id="uuid--10" 
                 xmlns:c="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/sc" 
                 xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss- 
                 wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> 
                <o:SecurityTokenReference> 
                    <o:Reference 
                        ValueType="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/sc/sct" 
                             URI="#uuid--6" /> 
                </o:SecurityTokenReference> 
                <c:Offset>0</c:Offset> 
                <c:Length>24</c:Length> 
                <c:Nonce>A170b1nKz88AuWmWYONX5Q==</c:Nonce> 
            </c:DerivedKeyToken> 
            <c:DerivedKeyToken 
                u:Id="uuid--11" 
                xmlns:c="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/sc" 
                xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss- 
                    wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> 
                <o:SecurityTokenReference> 
                    <o:Reference 
                        ValueType="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/sc/sct" 
                             URI="#uuid--6" /> 
                </o:SecurityTokenReference> 
                <c:Nonce>I8M/H2f3vFuGkwZVV1Yw0A==</c:Nonce> 
            </c:DerivedKeyToken> 
            <e:ReferenceList xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#"> 
                <e:DataReference URI="#_1" /> 
                <e:DataReference URI="#_6" /> 
            </e:ReferenceList> 
            <e:EncryptedData Id="_6" 
                Type="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#Element" 
                xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#"> 
                <e:EncryptionMethod 
                    Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#aes256-cbc" /> 
                <KeyInfo xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"> 
                    <o:SecurityTokenReference> 
                        <o:Reference 
                            ValueType="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/sc/dk" 
                            URI="#uuid--11" /> 
                    </o:SecurityTokenReference> 
                </KeyInfo> 
                <e:CipherData> 
                    <e:CipherValue> 
vQ+AT5gioRS6rRiNhWw2UJmvYYZpA+cc1DgC/K+6Dsd2enF4RUcwOG2 
xqfkD/ 
EZkSFRKDzrJYBz8ItHLZjsva4kqfx3UsEJjYPKbxihl2GFrXdPwTmrHWt35Uw0L2rTh8kU9rtj44NfULS59CJbXE6PC7 
Af1qWvnobcPXBqmgm4NA8wwSTuR3IKHPfD/Pg/ 
3WABob534WD4T1DbRr5tXwNr+yQl2nSWN8C0aaP9+LCKymEK7AbeJXAaGoxdGu/ 
t6l7Bw1lBsJeSJmsd4otXcLxt976kBEIjTl8/ 
6SVUd2hmudP2TBGDbCCvgOl4c0vsHmUC1SjXE5vXf6ATkMj6P3o0eMqBiWlG26RWiYBZ3OxnC1fDs60uSvfHtfF8CD0I 
LYGHLgnUHz5CFY0rPomT73RCkCfmgFuheCgB9zHZGtWedY6ivNrZe2KPx0ujQ2Mq4pv4bLns2qoykwK03ma7YGiGExGc 
ZBfkZ2YAkYmHWXJ0Xx4PJmQRAWIKfUCqcrR6lwyLjl5Agsrt0xHA5WEk3hapscW3HZ8wOgwv0fcHlZ1e3EAm0dZr5Ose 
3TAKMXf7FC1tMy5u0763flA6AZk9l7IpAQXcTLYicriH5hzf1416xbTJCtt2rztiItSkYizkiJCUMJLanc6ST5i+GVHz 
J5oRCEWgfOTcQpHmri8y1P1+6jYe9ELla8Mj 
                    </e:CipherValue> 
                </e:CipherData> 
            </e:EncryptedData> 
        </o:Security> 
 </s:Header> 
 <s:Body u:Id="_0" xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis- 
        200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> 
        <Say xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"> 
            <input>HelloWCF!</input> 
        </Say> 
 </s:Body> 
</s:Envelope>

// instantiate a ServiceHost, passing the type to instantiate// when the application receives a messageServiceHost svc = new ServiceHost(typeof(HelloWCF), address); // BEGIN NEW METADATA CODE// create a ServiceMetadataBehavior创建服务元数据行为ServiceMetadataBehavior metadata = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();metadata.HttpGetEnabled = true;// add it to the servicehost descriptionsvc.Description.Behaviors.Add(metadata);

// instantiate a ServiceHost, passing the type to instantiate 
// when the application receives a message 
ServiceHost svc =  new ServiceHost( typeof(HelloWCF)); 
    
// BEGIN NEW METADATA CODE 
// create a ServiceMetadataBehavior创建服务元数据行为 
ServiceMetadataBehavior metadata =  new ServiceMetadataBehavior(); 
// add it to the servicehost description 
svc.Description.Behaviors.Add(metadata); 
// create a TCP metadata binding创建TCP元数据绑定 
Binding mexBinding = MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexTcpBinding();

// instantiate a ServiceHost, passing the type to instantiate 
 
// when the application receives a message 
ServiceHost svc =  new ServiceHost( typeof(HelloWCF)); 
    
// BEGIN NEW METADATA CODE 
// create a ServiceMetadataBehavior 
ServiceMetadataBehavior metadata =  new ServiceMetadataBehavior(); 
// add it to the servicehost description 
svc.Description.Behaviors.Add(metadata); 
// create a TCP metadata binding 
Binding mexBinding = MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexTcpBinding(); 
// create an address to listen on WS-Metadata exchange traffic 
//创建元数据交换侦听地址 
Uri mexAddress =  new Uri( "net.tcp://localhost:5000/IHelloWCF/Mex");

// instantiate a ServiceHost, passing the type to instantiate 
// when the application receives a message 
ServiceHost svc =  new ServiceHost( typeof(HelloWCF)); 
    
// BEGIN NEW METADATA CODE 
// create a ServiceMetadataBehavior 
ServiceMetadataBehavior metadata =  new ServiceMetadataBehavior(); 
// add it to the servicehost description 
svc.Description.Behaviors.Add(metadata); 
// create a TCP metadata binding 
Binding mexBinding = MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexTcpBinding(); 
// create an address to listen on WS-Metadata exchange traffic 
Uri mexAddress =  new Uri( "net.tcp://localhost:5000/IHelloWCF/Mex"); 
// add the metadata endpoint添加元数据终结点 
svc.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IMetadataExchange), 
                                             mexBinding, 
                                             mexAddress); 
// END METADATA CODE

using System; 
using System.ServiceModel; 
    
sealed  class HelloWCFSender { 
    
  static  void Main(){ 
         // wait for the receiver to start 
        Console.WriteLine( "Press ENTER when the Receiver is ready"); 
        Console.ReadLine(); 
    
         // print to the console that we are sending a message 
        Console.WriteLine( "Sending a message to the Receiver"); 
         // create the HelloWCFClient type created by svcutil 
        HelloWCFClient proxy =  new HelloWCFClient(); 
         // invoke the Say method 
        proxy.Say( "Hi there from a new Sender"); 
        proxy.Close(); 
         // print to the console that we have sent a message 
        Console.WriteLine( "Finished sending a message to the Receiver"); 
 } 
}

C:\temp>csc /r: "C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.Net\v3.0\Windows CommunicationFoundation\System.ServiceModel.dll" HelloWCFProxy.cs HelloWCFSender.cs

C:\temp>HelloWCFSender.exe 
Press ENTER when the Receiver is ready 
    
Sending a message to the Receiver 
Finished sending a message to the Receiver