零基础学习Puppet自动化配置管理系列文档
1 Mcollective介绍
MCollective 是一个构建服务器编排(Server Orchestration)和并行工作执行系统的框架。 首先，MCollective 是一种针对服务器集群进行可编程控制的系统管理解决方案。在这一点上，它的功能类似：Func，Fabric 和 Capistrano。
其次，MCollective 的设计打破基于中心存储式系统和像 SSH 这样的工具，不再仅仅痴迷于 SSH 的 For 循环。它使用发布订阅中间件(Publish Subscribe Middleware)这样的现代化 工具和通过目标数据(meta data)而不是主机名(hostnames)来实时发现网络资源这样的现代化理念。提供了一个可扩展的而且迅速的并行执行环境。
MCollective 工具为命令行界面，但它可与数千个应用实例进行通信，而且传输速度惊人。无论部署的实例位于什么位置，通信都能以线速进行传输，使用的是一个类似多路传送 的推送信息系统。MCollective 工具没有可视化用户界面，用户只能通过检索来获取需要应用的实例。Puppet Dashboard 提供有这部分功能。
2 安装和配置RabbitMQ
2.1 安装和配置RabbitMQ
2.1.1 安装RabbitMQ
[root@puppetserver rpms]# yum install erlang #RabbitMQ依赖erlang语言，需要安装大概65个左右的erlang依赖包 [root@puppetserver rpms]# yum install rabbitmq-server [root@puppetserver rpms]# ll /usr/lib/rabbitmq/lib/rabbitmq_server-3.1.5/plugins/ #默认已经安装了stomp插件，老版本需要下载安装 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 242999 Aug 24 17:42 amqp_client-3.1.5.ez -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 85847 Aug 24 17:42 rabbitmq_stomp-3.1.5.ez …
2.1.2 启动rabbitmq-server
[root@puppetserver rpms]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/rabbitmq-server start #启动rabbitmq服务
Starting rabbitmq-server: SUCCESS
rabbitmq-server.
[root@puppetserver rpms]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/rabbitmq-server status #查看rabbitmq状态
Status of node rabbit@puppetserver ...
[{pid,43198},
{running_applications,[{rabbit,"RabbitMQ","3.1.5"},
{mnesia,"MNESIA CXC 138 12","4.5"},
{os_mon,"CPO CXC 138 46","2.2.7"},
{xmerl,"XML parser","1.2.10"},
{sasl,"SASL CXC 138 11","2.1.10"},
{stdlib,"ERTS CXC 138 10","1.17.5"},
{kernel,"ERTS CXC 138 10","2.14.5"}]},
{os,{unix,linux}},
{erlang_version,"Erlang R14B04 (erts-5.8.5) [source] [64-bit] [rq:1] [async-threads:30] [kernel-poll:true]\n"},
{memory,[{total,27101856},
{connection_procs,2648},
{queue_procs,5296},
{plugins,0},
{other_proc,9182320},
{mnesia,57456},
{mgmt_db,0},
{msg_index,21848},
{other_ets,765504},
{binary,3296},
{code,14419185},
{atom,1354457},
{other_system,1289846}]},
{vm_memory_high_watermark,0.4},
{vm_memory_limit,838362726},
{disk_free_limit,1000000000},
{disk_free,15992676352},
{file_descriptors,[{total_limit,924},
{total_used,3},
{sockets_limit,829},
{sockets_used,1}]},
{processes,[{limit,1048576},{used,122}]},
{run_queue,0},
{uptime,4}]
...done.
[root@puppetserver rpms]# netstat -nlp | grep beam #默认监听端口为5672
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:44422 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 43198/beam
tcp 0 0 :::5672 :::* LISTEN 43198/beam
2.1.3 配置RabbitMQ
2.1.3.1 加载amqp_client和rabbit_stomp插件
[root@puppetserver sbin]#ln -s /usr/lib/rabbitmq/lib/rabbitmq_server-3.1.5/sbin/rabbitmq-plugins /usr/sbin/rabbitmq-plugins #创建命令rabbitmq-plugins的软连接 [root@puppetserver sbin]# ln -s /usr/lib/rabbitmq/lib/rabbitmq_server-3.1.5/sbin/rabbitmq-env /usr/sbin/rabbitmq-env #创建命令rabbitmq-env的软连接 [root@puppetserver sbin]# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_stomp #开启rabbitmq_stomp插件 The following plugins have been enabled: amqp_client rabbitmq_stomp Plugin configuration has changed. Restart RabbitMQ for changes to take effect. [root@puppetserver sbin]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/rabbitmq-server restart Restarting rabbitmq-server: SUCCESS rabbitmq-server. [root@puppetserver rabbitmq]# tailf /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit\@puppetserver.log #可以从日志看到stomp插件加载成功 =INFO REPORT==== 3-Oct-2013::20:25:18 === started STOMP TCP Listener on [::]:61613 =INFO REPORT==== 3-Oct-2013::20:25:18 === Server startup complete; 2 plugins started. * amqp_client * rabbitmq_stomp
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2.1.3.2 创建rabbitmq.config配置文件，修改监听端口为61613
[root@puppetserver rpms]# vim /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config [
{stomp,[ {tcp_listeners, [61613]} ]} #设置connector为stomp，监听端口为61613]. [root@puppetserver rpms]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/rabbitmq-server restart Restarting rabbitmq-server: SUCCESS rabbitmq-server. [root@puppetserver rpms]# netstat -nlp | grep beam #默认监听端口为61613 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:56532 0.0.0.0: LISTEN 1906/beam.smp
tcp 0 0 :::61613 ::: LISTEN 1906/beam.smp
tcp 0 0 :::5672 :::* LISTEN 1906/beam.smp
2.1.3.3 删除默认账户guest，为MCollective创建账户“mcollective”并设置密码为“secret”，然后设置权限。
[root@puppetserver rpms]# rabbitmqctl delete_user guest Deleting user "guest" ... ...done. [root@puppetserver rpms]# rabbitmqctl add_user mcollective secret Creating user "mcollective" ... ...done. [root@puppetserver rpms]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "/" mcollective ".*" ".*" ".*" Setting permissions for user "mcollective" in vhost "/" ... ...done. [root@puppetserver sbin]# rabbitmqctl list_users #查看监听用户 Listing users ... mcollective [] ...done.
备注：RabbitMQ拥有一个默认的guest账户，它默认对消息队列拥有全部权限。出于安全方面的考虑，建议删除这个账户。
更多详细配置信息请参考 http://www.rabbitmq.com/admin-guide.html
更多详细配置信息请参考： http://docs.puppetlabs.com/mcollective/reference/plugins/connector_rabbitmq.html
3 安装和配置MCollective
3.1 安装MCollective
3.1.1 测试端安装MCollective客户端
[root@puppetserver rpms]# yum install mcollective-common mcollective-client #依赖包rubygem-stomp
3.1.2 节点安装MCollective服务端
[root@agent1 ~]# yum install mcollective mcollective-common #依赖rubygem-stomp、rubygems和ruby相关包
3.2 配置MCollective
3.2.1 测试端配置MCollective客户端
[root@puppetserver rpms]# vim /etc/mcollective/client.cfg topicprefix = /topic/ main_collective = mcollective collectives = mcollective libdir = /usr/libexec/mcollective logger_type = console loglevel = warn # Plugins securityprovider = psk plugin.psk = a36cd839414370e10fd281b8a38a4f48 #MCollective通信共享密钥，和MCollective服务端保持一致 connector = stomp #通信协议 plugin.stomp.host = 192.168.100.110 #Middleware地址 plugin.stomp.port = 61613 #Middleware监听端口 plugin.stomp.user = mcollective #Middleware通信账号 plugin.stomp.password = secret #Middleware通信密码 # Facts factsource = yaml plugin.yaml = /etc/mcollective/facts.yaml
3.2.2 节点配置MCollective服务端
[root@agent1 rpms]# vim /etc/mcollective/server.cfg topicprefix = /topic/ main_collective = mcollective collectives = mcollective libdir = /usr/libexec/mcollective #存放plugins的位置 logfile = /var/log/mcollective.log loglevel = info daemonize = 1 # Plugins securityprovider = psk plugin.psk = a36cd839414370e10fd281b8a38a4f48 #MCollective通信共享密钥，和MCollective客户端保持一致 connector = stomp #通信协议 plugin.stomp.host = 192.168.100.110 #Middleware地址 plugin.stomp.port = 61613 #Middleware监听端口 plugin.stomp.user = mcollective #Middleware通信账号 plugin.stomp.password = secret #Middleware通信密码 # Facts factsource = yaml plugin.yaml = /etc/mcollective/facts.yaml [root@agent1 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mcollective start Starting mcollective: [ OK ] [root@agent1 ~]# chkconfig mcollective on [root@agent1 ~]#
3.3 测试Mcollective与Middleware通信
[root@puppetserver rpms]# mco ping #检查所有存活的节点 agent2.kisspuppet.com time=119.98 ms agent1.kisspuppet.com time=159.31 ms ---- ping statistics ---- 2 replies max: 159.31 min: 119.98 avg: 139.64 [root@puppetserver rpms]# mco find agent1.kisspuppet.com agent2.kisspuppet.com
