【框架】[Hibernate]利用Hibernate进行单表的增删改查-Web实例

转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/qq_26525215

本文源自【大学之旅_谙忆的博客】

前面两篇博客已经将Hibernate的基础知识讲解得差不多了，差不多到写实例的时候了。

本篇只用hibernate进行单表的增删改查、

应用Hibernate，对students表进行增删改查。
service层和DAO层，我都是直接写实现类了(因为这里主要是演示一下Hibernate的使用)，如果是开发项目，注意一定要写接口！

准备数据库:

首先准备一个students表:

create database hib charset=utf8;
use hib;
create table students(
    sId varchar(8) primary key,
    sName varchar(40),
    sAge int,
    deptId varchar(8)
);

插入数据:

insert into students(sId,sName,sAge,deptId) values('S001','Jack',23,'D001');
insert into students(sId,sName,sAge,deptId) values('S002','Tom',25,'D001');
insert into students(sId,sName,sAge,deptId) values('S003','张三',43,'D001');
insert into students(sId,sName,sAge,deptId) values('S004','李四',55,'D001');
insert into students(sId,sName,sAge,deptId) values('S005','Jack',23,'D002');
insert into students(sId,sName,sAge,deptId) values('S006','Tom',25,'D003');
insert into students(sId,sName,sAge,deptId) values('S007','张三',43,'D002');
insert into students(sId,sName,sAge,deptId) values('S008','李四',55,'D002');

需要的Jar包

数据库连接包以及hibernate必须包，这些包在项目的WEBROOT/WEBINF的bin目录下都有。

链接:
https://github.com/chenhaoxiang/Java/blob/master/Hibernate/myHibWeb/myHibWeb.zip

部分核心源码:

Student.java:

package cn.hncu.domain;

public class Student {
    private String sId;
    private String sName;
    private Integer sAge;

    private String deptId;

    public String getDeptId() {
        return deptId;
    }
    public void setDeptId(String deptId) {
        this.deptId = deptId;
    }
    public Student() {
        super();
    }
    public String getsId() {
        return sId;
    }
    public void setsId(String sId) {
        this.sId = sId;
    }
    public String getsName() {
        return sName;
    }
    public void setsName(String sName) {
        this.sName = sName;
    }
    public Integer getsAge() {
        return sAge;
    }
    public void setsAge(Integer sAge) {
        this.sAge = sAge;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student [sId=" + sId + ", sName=" + sName + ", sAge=" + sAge
                + ", deptId=" + deptId + "]";
    }
}

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <!-- 这是最简单的配置版！！！ -->
    <session-factory>
        <property name="connection.driver_class">
            com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
        </property>
        <property name="connection.url">
            jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/hib
        </property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">1234</property>

        <property name="dialect">
            org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
        </property>

          <!--是否在后台显示Hibernate用到的SQL语句，开发时设置为true，便于查错，
        程序运行时可以在Eclipse的控制台显示Hibernate的执行Sql语句。
        项目部署后可以设置为false，提高运行效率-->   
        <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true </property>   

        <!--jdbc.fetch_size是指Hibernate每次从数据库中取出并放到JDBC的Statement中的记录条数。
        Fetch Size设的越大，读数据库的次数越少，速度越快，Fetch Size越小，读数据库的次数越多，速度越慢-->   
        <property name="jdbc.fetch_size">50 </property> 

        <!--jdbc.batch_size是指Hibernate批量插入,删除和更新时每次操作的记录数。
        Batch Size越大，批量操作的向数据库发送Sql的次数越少，速度就越快，同样耗用内存就越大-->   
        <property name="jdbc.batch_size">23 </property>  

        <!--jdbc.use_scrollable_resultset是否允许Hibernate用JDBC的可滚动的结果集。
        对分页的结果集。对分页时的设置非常有帮助-->   
        <property name="jdbc.use_scrollable_resultset">false </property> 

        <!--connection.useUnicode连接数据库时是否使用Unicode编码 -->
        <property name="connection.useUnicode">true</property>
        <!--connection.characterEncoding连接数据库时数据的传输字符集编码方式 -->
        <property name="connection.characterEncoding">utf-8</property>

        <mapping resource="cn/hncu/domain/Student.hbm.xml" />
    </session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

Student.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="cn.hncu.domain">

    <!--name指的是POJO类的类名，table是数据库的表名，catalog是数据库的名称  -->
    <class name="Student" table="students" catalog="hib">
        <!--id表示此字段为数据库的主键，这里也可以用property来写，name为Student类的成员变量名，type为类型的包全名  -->
        <id name="sId" type="java.lang.String">
            <!--column表示映射的数据库的字段，name表示数据库中字段名，length表示varchar/char型的长度  -->
            <column name="sId" length="8"></column>
            <generator class="assigned"></generator>            
        </id>
        <property name="sName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="sName" length="40" />
        </property>
        <property name="sAge" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="sAge" />
        </property>
        <property name="deptId" type="java.lang.String">
        <column name="deptId" length="8" />
     </property>
    </class>

</hibernate-mapping>

BaseServlet.java

package cn.hncu.utils;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public abstract class BaseServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    @Override
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }
    @Override
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        String cmd = req.getParameter("cmd");
        if (null == cmd || cmd.trim().equals("")) {
            cmd = "execute";
        }
        try {
            Method method = this.getClass().getMethod(cmd,
                    HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);
            method.invoke(this, req, resp);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("没有此方法：" + e.getMessage(), e);
        }catch(InvocationTargetException e){
            throw new RuntimeException("目标方法执行失败：" + e.getMessage(), e);
        }catch(IllegalAccessException e){
            throw new RuntimeException("你可能访问了一个私有的方法：" + e.getMessage(), e);
        }catch(Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    }
    public abstract void execute(HttpServletRequest req,
            HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception;
}

HibernateSessionFactory.java

package cn.hncu.hib;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class HibernateSessionFactory {
   private static String configFile = "/hibernate.cfg.xml";
   private static Configuration config = new Configuration();
   private static SessionFactory sessionFactory =null;

   private static final ThreadLocal<Session> t = new ThreadLocal<Session>();

   static{
       try {
           config.configure(configFile);
           sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();
        } catch (HibernateException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
   }

   public static Session getSession() throws HibernateException{
       Session session = t.get();
       if(session == null || !session.isOpen()){
           if(sessionFactory==null){
               rebuildSessionFactory();
           }
           session = (sessionFactory!=null) ? sessionFactory.openSession() : null;
           t.set(session);
       }
       return session;
   }

   private static void rebuildSessionFactory() {
       try {
           config.configure(configFile);
           sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();
        } catch (HibernateException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
   }

   //关闭与数据库的会话
   public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException{
       Session session = t.get();
       t.set(null);
       if(session!=null){
           session.close();
       }
   }


}

DemoServlet.java

package cn.hncu.demo;


import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import cn.hncu.demo.service.DemoServiceImpl;
import cn.hncu.domain.Student;
import cn.hncu.utils.BaseServlet;

public class DemoServlet extends BaseServlet {
    DemoServiceImpl service = new DemoServiceImpl();
    @Override
    public void execute(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws Exception {
        List<Student> list = service.queryAllStudents();
        req.getSession().setAttribute("list", list);

        req.getRequestDispatcher("/jsps/demo.jsp").forward(req, resp);
    }

    public void delStudent(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws Exception {
        String studId = req.getParameter("studId");
        Student stud = new Student();

        stud.setsId(studId);

        service.delStudent(stud);

        resp.sendRedirect(getServletContext().getContextPath()+"?time="+(new Date().getTime()));
    }

    public void addStudent(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws Exception {
        String studId = req.getParameter("studId");
        String studName = req.getParameter("studName");
        String strAge = req.getParameter("age");
        Integer age = Integer.valueOf(strAge);
        String deptId = req.getParameter("deptId");
        Student stud = new Student();
        stud.setsId(studId);

        //System.out.println(studName);//正常汉字

        stud.setsName(studName);
        stud.setsAge(age);
        stud.setDeptId(deptId);

        service.addStudent(stud);

        resp.sendRedirect(getServletContext().getContextPath());
    }

    public void queryStudents(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws Exception {
        String studId = req.getParameter("studId");
        String studName = req.getParameter("studName");
        String deptId = req.getParameter("deptId");
        Student stud = new Student();
        stud.setsId(studId);
        stud.setsName(studName);
        stud.setDeptId(deptId);

        List<Student> qlist = service.queryStudents(stud);
        req.getSession().setAttribute("qlist", qlist);
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
        out.print("1"); //坑:不能使用out.println("1")
    }

}

DemoJdbcDao.java

package cn.hncu.demo.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import cn.hncu.domain.Student;
import cn.hncu.hib.HibernateSessionFactory;

public class DemoJdbcDao {
    public List<Student> queryAllStudents() {
        Session s = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
        Query query = s.createQuery("from Student");
        List<Student> list = query.list();
        return list;
    }

    public void delStudent(Student stud) {
        Session s = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
            try {
                Transaction tran = s.beginTransaction();
                System.out.println("stud:"+stud);
                s.delete(stud);
//              Student stud2 = new Student();
//              stud2.setStudId("S001");
//              s.save(stud2);
                tran.commit();
            } catch (HibernateException e) {
                //tran.rollback();//可以不写，内部会进行回滚
                System.out.println("抓到异常...");
            }

    }

    public void addStudent(Student stud) {
        Session s = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
        Transaction tran = s.beginTransaction();
        try {
            System.out.println(stud.getsName());
            s.saveOrUpdate(stud);
            tran.commit();
        } catch (HibernateException e) {
        }
    }

    public List<Student> queryStudents(Student stud) {
        System.out.println(stud);
        boolean f1=false,f2=false,f3=false;
        Session s = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
        String hql = "from Student s where 1=1";

        if(stud.getsId()!=null && stud.getsId().trim().length()>0){
            hql = hql + " and s.sId=:sId";
            f1=true;
        }
        if(stud.getsName()!=null && stud.getsName().trim().length()>0){
            hql = hql + " and s.sName like :sName";
            f2=true;
        }
        if(stud.getDeptId()!=null && stud.getDeptId().trim().length()>0){
            hql = hql + " and s.deptId=:deptId";
            f3=true;
        }

        Query query = s.createQuery(hql);
        if(f1){
            query.setParameter("sId", stud.getsId().trim());
        }
        if(f2){
            query.setParameter("sName", "%"+stud.getsName().trim()+"%");
        }
        if(f3){
            query.setParameter("deptId", stud.getDeptId().trim());
        }
        return query.list();
    }

}

ajax.js

String.prototype.trim=function(){
    var p = /^\s*/;
    //\s 匹配任何空白字符，包括空格、制表符、换页符等等
    var str = this.replace(p, "");
    p=/\s*$/;
    str = str.replace(p, "");
    return str;
};

function Ajax(){
    var xmlhttp;
    //1 创建一个ajax对象
    if(window.XMLHttpRequest){// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
        xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
    }else{// code for IE6, IE5
        xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
    }
    //url为请求的链接或文件。
    //succ是status返回为200后运行的函数。
    //failure是status返回不为200后运行的函数。

    this.get=function(url,succ,failure){
        //2 设置通讯方式和地址
        xmlhttp.open("GET", url, true);//异步--多线程
        //3 设置访问成功后的 js对象(回调函数)
        xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function(){
            if(xmlhttp.readyState==4){//服务器的响应消息接收完毕
                if(xmlhttp.status==200){//服务器正常响应
                    var txt = xmlhttp.responseText;//后台的响应信息
                    succ(txt);
                }else{
                    if(failure){
                        failure(xmlhttp.status);
                     }
                }
            }
        };
        //4发送---Get方式，没有参数(请求体) ---数据在请求地址中
        xmlhttp.send();
    };

    this.post= function(url,data,succ, failure){
        //2 设置通讯方式和地址
        xmlhttp.open("POST",url,true);//异步--多线程
        //3 设置访问成功后的 js对象(回调函数)
        xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function(){
            if(xmlhttp.readyState==4){//服务器的响应消息接收完毕
                if(xmlhttp.status==200){//服务器正常响应
                    var txt = xmlhttp.responseText;//后台的响应信息
                    succ(txt);
                }else{
                    if(failure){
                        failure(xmlhttp.status);
                     }
                }
            }
        };
        //4设置请求头
        xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

        //5发送---Post方式，有参数(请求体) <---数据 ※
        xmlhttp.send(data);
    };

}

demo.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>利用Hibernate进行单表的增删改查</title>
<style type="text/css">
table {
    border: 1px solid gray;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    width: 60%;
}

td {
    border: 1px solid gray;
    padding: 5px;
}
</style>

<script type="text/javascript" src="<c:url value='/js/ajax.js'/>"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">
    var path = "<c:url value='/'/>";
</script>

<script type="text/javascript">
    var d = new Date();
    function query() {
        var studId = document.getElementsByName("studId")[1].value;
        studId = studId.trim();
        var studName = document.getElementsByName("studName")[1].value;
        studName = studName.trim();
        var deptId = document.getElementsByName("deptId")[1].value;
        deptId = deptId.trim();

        //ajax提交
        var ajax = new Ajax();
        var url = path + "/DemoServlet";
        var params = "cmd=queryStudents&studId=" + studId + "&studName="
                + studName + "&deptId=" + deptId;
        ajax.post(url, params, function(data) {
            if (data == "1") {
                //这个返回来输出的页面的是子页面！
                window.parent.window.location.href = path + "?time="
                        + d.getTime();
            }
        });
    }
</script>


</head>

<body>
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>学号</td>
            <td>姓名</td>
            <td>年龄</td>
            <td>学院编号</td>
            <td>操作</td>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach items="${list}" var="stud">
            <tr>
                <td>${stud.sId}</td>
                <td>${stud.sName}</td>
                <td>${stud.sAge}</td>
                <td>${stud.deptId}</td>
                <td><a
                    href="<c:url value='/DemoServlet?cmd=delStudent&studId=${stud.sId}'/>">删除</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>

    <h3>添加一个学生信息</h3>
    <form action="<c:url value='/DemoServlet?cmd=addStudent'/>"
        method="post">
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>学号<font color="red">*</font>
                </td>
                <td><input type="text" name="studId"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>姓名<font color="red">*</font>
                </td>
                <td><input type="text" name="studName"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>年龄<font color="red">*</font>
                </td>
                <td><input type="text" name="age"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>学院编号<font color="red">*</font>
                </td>
                <td><input type="text" name="deptId"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td colspan="2" align="center"><input type="submit"
                    value="添加/修改"></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </form>


    <hr />
    <h3>学生查询</h3>
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>学号</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="studId"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>姓名</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="studName"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>学院编号</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="deptId"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2" align="center"><input type="button"
                onclick="query();" value="查询"></td>
        </tr>
    </table>

    <c:if test="${!empty sessionScope.qlist }">
        <h3>查询结果</h3>
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>学号</td>
                <td>姓名</td>
                <td>年龄</td>
                <td>学院编号</td>
                <td>操作</td>
            </tr>
            <c:forEach items="${qlist}" var="stud">
                <tr>
                    <td>${stud.sId}</td>
                    <td>${stud.sName}</td>
                    <td>${stud.sAge}</td>
                    <td>${stud.deptId}</td>
                    <td>
                        <a href="<c:url value='/DemoServlet?cmd=delStudent&studId=${stud.sId}'/>">删除</a>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </c:forEach>
        </table>
    </c:if>


</body>
</html>

演示结果:

显示所有:

添加学生:

查询学生:

完整项目链接：

https://github.com/chenhaoxiang/Java/blob/master/Hibernate/myHibWeb/myHibWeb.zip

转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/qq_26525215

本文源自【大学之旅_谙忆的博客】