VC创建定时关闭的MessageBox-阿里云开发者社区

1、第一种方法：用微软提供的官方文档

From : http://support.microsoft.com/kb/181934/en-us/

Generally, when you want to display a message box for a limited amount of time, you must implement a regular dialog box that closes itself after a specified amount of time. The problem with this method is that you lose the standard message box functionality that Windows provides.

The following example shows how to use the MessageBox function to create a message box that automatically closes after a specified amount of time. Note the following about the example:

The example uses a Windows timer that fires an event after the specified amount of time has elapsed.
When the timer event occurs, the PostQuitMessage API is used to break out of the modal message loop that MessageBox uses.
Note The WM_QUIT message must be removed from the message queue to prevent it from being retrieved in the main message queue.

[cpp] view plain copy print ?

/***********************************************************************
THIS CODE AND INFORMATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Copyright 1998 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
***********************************************************************/
/***********************************************************************
*
* MsgBox.c
*
* Abstract:
*
* Sample program to demonstrate how a program can display a
* timed message box.
*
***********************************************************************/
#define STRICT
#include <windows.h>
/***********************************************************************
*
* Overview
*
* The key to creating a timed message box is exiting the dialog
* box message loop internal to the message box. Because the
* message loop for a message box is part of USER, you cannot
* modify the message loop without using hooks and other such methods.
*
*
* However, all message loops exit when they receive a
* WM_QUIT message. Additionally, if a nested message loop
* receives a WM_QUIT message, the nested message loop must break
* the loop and then re-post the quit message so that the next
* outer layer can process it.
*
* Therefore, you can make the nested message loop exit by
* calling the PostQuitMessage function. The nested message loop will
* clean up and post a new quit message. When the MessageBox
* returns, you peek to see if there is a quit message. If so,
* it means that the message loop was abnormally terminated.
* You also consume the WM_QUIT message instead of re-posting it
* so that the application continues to run.
*
* Essentially, you have "tricked" the nested message loop into
* determining that the application is terminating. When the quit message
* returns, you consume the quit message. This method effectively cancels
* the fake quit message that you generated.
*
***********************************************************************/
/***********************************************************************
*
* Global variables
*
***********************************************************************/
HWND g_hwndTimedOwner;
BOOL g_bTimedOut;
/***********************************************************************
*
* MessageBoxTimer
*
* The timer callback function that posts the fake quit message.
* This function causes the message box to exit because the message box
* has determined that the application is exiting.
*
***********************************************************************/
void CALLBACK MessageBoxTimer(HWND hwnd,
UINT uiMsg,
UINT idEvent,
DWORD dwTime)
{
g_bTimedOut = TRUE;
if (g_hwndTimedOwner)
EnableWindow(g_hwndTimedOwner, TRUE);
PostQuitMessage(0);
}
/***********************************************************************
*
* TimedMessageBox
*
* The same as the standard MessageBox, except that TimedMessageBox
* also accepts a timeout. If the user does not respond within the
* specified timeout, the value 0 is returned instead of one of the
* ID* values.
*
***********************************************************************/
int TimedMessageBox(HWND hwndOwner,
LPCTSTR pszMessage,
LPCTSTR pszTitle,
UINT flags,
DWORD dwTimeout)
{
UINT idTimer;
int iResult;
g_hwndTimedOwner = NULL;
g_bTimedOut = FALSE;
if (hwndOwner && IsWindowEnabled(hwndOwner))
g_hwndTimedOwner = hwndOwner;
// Set a timer to dismiss the message box.
idTimer = SetTimer(NULL, 0, dwTimeout, (TIMERPROC)MessageBoxTimer);
iResult = MessageBox(hwndOwner, pszMessage, pszTitle, flags);
// Finished with the timer.
KillTimer(NULL, idTimer);
// See if there is a WM_QUIT message in the queue if we timed out.
// Eat the message so we do not quit the whole application.
if (g_bTimedOut)
{
MSG msg;
PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, WM_QUIT, WM_QUIT, PM_REMOVE);
iResult = -1;
}
return iResult;
}
/***********************************************************************
*
* WinMain
*
* Program entry point. Demonstrate TimedMessageBox().
*
***********************************************************************/
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hinst,
HINSTANCE hinstPrev,
LPSTR pszCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
UINT uiResult;
// Ask the user a question. Give the user five seconds to
// answer the question.
uiResult = TimedMessageBox(NULL,
"Does a triangle have three sides?",
"Quiz",
MB_YESNO,
// NULL first parameter is important.
5000);
switch (uiResult) {
case IDYES:
MessageBox(NULL,
"That's right!",
"Result",
MB_OK);
break;
case IDNO:
MessageBox(NULL,
"Believe it or not, triangles "
"really do have three sides.",
"Result",
MB_OK);
break;
case -1:
MessageBox(NULL,
"I sensed some hesitation there. "
"The correct answer is Yes.",
"Result",
MB_OK);
break;
}
return 0;
}

/*********************************************************************** THIS CODE AND INFORMATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Copyright 1998 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved. ***********************************************************************/ /*********************************************************************** * * MsgBox.c * * Abstract: * * Sample program to demonstrate how a program can display a * timed message box. * ***********************************************************************/ #define STRICT #include <windows.h> /*********************************************************************** * * Overview * * The key to creating a timed message box is exiting the dialog * box message loop internal to the message box. Because the * message loop for a message box is part of USER, you cannot * modify the message loop without using hooks and other such methods. * * * However, all message loops exit when they receive a * WM_QUIT message. Additionally, if a nested message loop * receives a WM_QUIT message, the nested message loop must break * the loop and then re-post the quit message so that the next * outer layer can process it. * * Therefore, you can make the nested message loop exit by * calling the PostQuitMessage function. The nested message loop will * clean up and post a new quit message. When the MessageBox * returns, you peek to see if there is a quit message. If so, * it means that the message loop was abnormally terminated. * You also consume the WM_QUIT message instead of re-posting it * so that the application continues to run. * * Essentially, you have "tricked" the nested message loop into * determining that the application is terminating. When the quit message * returns, you consume the quit message. This method effectively cancels * the fake quit message that you generated. * ***********************************************************************/ /*********************************************************************** * * Global variables * ***********************************************************************/ HWND g_hwndTimedOwner; BOOL g_bTimedOut; /*********************************************************************** * * MessageBoxTimer * * The timer callback function that posts the fake quit message. * This function causes the message box to exit because the message box * has determined that the application is exiting. * ***********************************************************************/ void CALLBACK MessageBoxTimer(HWND hwnd, UINT uiMsg, UINT idEvent, DWORD dwTime) { g_bTimedOut = TRUE; if (g_hwndTimedOwner) EnableWindow(g_hwndTimedOwner, TRUE); PostQuitMessage(0); } /*********************************************************************** * * TimedMessageBox * * The same as the standard MessageBox, except that TimedMessageBox * also accepts a timeout. If the user does not respond within the * specified timeout, the value 0 is returned instead of one of the * ID* values. * ***********************************************************************/ int TimedMessageBox(HWND hwndOwner, LPCTSTR pszMessage, LPCTSTR pszTitle, UINT flags, DWORD dwTimeout) { UINT idTimer; int iResult; g_hwndTimedOwner = NULL; g_bTimedOut = FALSE; if (hwndOwner && IsWindowEnabled(hwndOwner)) g_hwndTimedOwner = hwndOwner; // Set a timer to dismiss the message box. idTimer = SetTimer(NULL, 0, dwTimeout, (TIMERPROC)MessageBoxTimer); iResult = MessageBox(hwndOwner, pszMessage, pszTitle, flags); // Finished with the timer. KillTimer(NULL, idTimer); // See if there is a WM_QUIT message in the queue if we timed out. // Eat the message so we do not quit the whole application. if (g_bTimedOut) { MSG msg; PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, WM_QUIT, WM_QUIT, PM_REMOVE); iResult = -1; } return iResult; } /*********************************************************************** * * WinMain * * Program entry point. Demonstrate TimedMessageBox(). * ***********************************************************************/ int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hinst, HINSTANCE hinstPrev, LPSTR pszCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { UINT uiResult; // Ask the user a question. Give the user five seconds to // answer the question. uiResult = TimedMessageBox(NULL, "Does a triangle have three sides?", "Quiz", MB_YESNO, // NULL first parameter is important. 5000); switch (uiResult) { case IDYES: MessageBox(NULL, "That's right!", "Result", MB_OK); break; case IDNO: MessageBox(NULL, "Believe it or not, triangles " "really do have three sides.", "Result", MB_OK); break; case -1: MessageBox(NULL, "I sensed some hesitation there. " "The correct answer is Yes.", "Result", MB_OK); break; } return 0; }

2、第二种方法：使用手动创建的对话框

新建一个对话框，添加一个静态文本控件（显示内容），如下图:

定时自动关闭MessageBox

将Static控件关联CString类型变量为m_strText、并为该对话框添加新类CMSGBox，再添加WM_TIMER消息：

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void CMSGBox::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
if(1 == nIDEvent)
{
KillTimer(1);
EndDialog(IDOK);
}
CDialog::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
}

void CMSGBox::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent) { // TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default if(1 == nIDEvent) { KillTimer(1); EndDialog(IDOK); } CDialog::OnTimer(nIDEvent); }

PS：我觉得此处代码可以改成这样，就可以设定多个定时器（我可没测试）

[cpp] view plain copy print ?

void CMSGBox::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
if(nIDEvent>=1)
{
EndDialog(IDOK);
}
CDialog::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
}

void CMSGBox::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent) { // TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default if(nIDEvent>=1) { EndDialog(IDOK); } CDialog::OnTimer(nIDEvent); }

引入头文件，在主对话框中调用代码：

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void CMFCDlg::OnOK()
{
// TODO: Add extra validation here
CMSGBox *dlg = new CMSGBox();
dlg->Create(IDD_MSGBOX,NULL);
dlg->SetWindowText(_T("提示"));
dlg->m_strText = _T("3秒后自动关闭...");
dlg->UpdateData(FALSE);
dlg->SetTimer(1,3000,NULL);
dlg->CenterWindow();
dlg->ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);
dlg->UpdateWindow();
dlg = NULL;
}

void CMFCDlg::OnOK() { // TODO: Add extra validation here CMSGBox *dlg = new CMSGBox(); dlg->Create(IDD_MSGBOX,NULL); dlg->SetWindowText(_T("提示")); dlg->m_strText = _T("3秒后自动关闭..."); dlg->UpdateData(FALSE); dlg->SetTimer(1,3000,NULL); dlg->CenterWindow(); dlg->ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL); dlg->UpdateWindow(); dlg = NULL; }

运行效果如下：