FFMPeg代码分析：av_read_frame()函数的内部构造

上文中贴出了av_read_frame()函数的实现，现在更细致地分析一下其内部的实现流程。

av_read_frame()开始后，通常会调用read_frame_internal(s, pkt)函数：

static int read_frame_internal(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
{
    int ret = 0, i, got_packet = 0;

    av_init_packet(pkt);

    while (!got_packet && !s->parse_queue) {
        AVStream *st;
        AVPacket cur_pkt;

        /* read next packet */
        ret = ff_read_packet(s, &cur_pkt);
        if (ret < 0) {
            if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN))
                return ret;
            /* flush the parsers */
            for(i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
                st = s->streams[i];
                if (st->parser && st->need_parsing)
                    parse_packet(s, NULL, st->index);
            }
            /* all remaining packets are now in parse_queue =>
             * really terminate parsing */
            break;
        }
        ret = 0;
        st  = s->streams[cur_pkt.stream_index];

        if (cur_pkt.pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
            cur_pkt.dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
            cur_pkt.pts < cur_pkt.dts) {
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Invalid timestamps stream=%d, pts=%s, dts=%s, size=%d\n",
                   cur_pkt.stream_index,
                   av_ts2str(cur_pkt.pts),
                   av_ts2str(cur_pkt.dts),
                   cur_pkt.size);
        }
        if (s->debug & FF_FDEBUG_TS)
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "ff_read_packet stream=%d, pts=%s, dts=%s, size=%d, duration=%d, flags=%d\n",
                   cur_pkt.stream_index,
                   av_ts2str(cur_pkt.pts),
                   av_ts2str(cur_pkt.dts),
                   cur_pkt.size,
                   cur_pkt.duration,
                   cur_pkt.flags);

        if (st->need_parsing && !st->parser && !(s->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_NOPARSE)) {
            st->parser = av_parser_init(st->codec->codec_id);
            if (!st->parser) {
                av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "parser not found for codec "
                       "%s, packets or times may be invalid.\n",
                       avcodec_get_name(st->codec->codec_id));
                /* no parser available: just output the raw packets */
                st->need_parsing = AVSTREAM_PARSE_NONE;
            } else if(st->need_parsing == AVSTREAM_PARSE_HEADERS) {
                st->parser->flags |= PARSER_FLAG_COMPLETE_FRAMES;
            } else if(st->need_parsing == AVSTREAM_PARSE_FULL_ONCE) {
                st->parser->flags |= PARSER_FLAG_ONCE;
            } else if(st->need_parsing == AVSTREAM_PARSE_FULL_RAW) {
                st->parser->flags |= PARSER_FLAG_USE_CODEC_TS;
            }
        }

        if (!st->need_parsing || !st->parser) {
            /* no parsing needed: we just output the packet as is */
            *pkt = cur_pkt;
            compute_pkt_fields(s, st, NULL, pkt);
            if ((s->iformat->flags & AVFMT_GENERIC_INDEX) &&
                (pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY) && pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                ff_reduce_index(s, st->index);
                av_add_index_entry(st, pkt->pos, pkt->dts, 0, 0, AVINDEX_KEYFRAME);
            }
            got_packet = 1;
        } else if (st->discard < AVDISCARD_ALL) {
            if ((ret = parse_packet(s, &cur_pkt, cur_pkt.stream_index)) < 0)
                return ret;
        } else {
            /* free packet */
            av_free_packet(&cur_pkt);
        }
        if (pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY)
            st->skip_to_keyframe = 0;
        if (st->skip_to_keyframe) {
            av_free_packet(&cur_pkt);
            if (got_packet) {
                *pkt = cur_pkt;
            }
            got_packet = 0;
        }
    }

    if (!got_packet && s->parse_queue)
        ret = read_from_packet_buffer(&s->parse_queue, &s->parse_queue_end, pkt);

    if(s->debug & FF_FDEBUG_TS)
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "read_frame_internal stream=%d, pts=%s, dts=%s, size=%d, duration=%d, flags=%d\n",
            pkt->stream_index,
            av_ts2str(pkt->pts),
            av_ts2str(pkt->dts),
            pkt->size,
            pkt->duration,
            pkt->flags);

    return ret;
}

首先调用av_init_packet(pkt)对pkt进行初始化：

void av_init_packet(AVPacket *pkt)
{
    pkt->pts                  = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
    pkt->dts                  = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
    pkt->pos                  = -1;
    pkt->duration             = 0;
    pkt->convergence_duration = 0;
    pkt->flags                = 0;
    pkt->stream_index         = 0;
#if FF_API_DESTRUCT_PACKET
FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
    pkt->destruct             = NULL;
FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif
    pkt->buf                  = NULL;
    pkt->side_data            = NULL;
    pkt->side_data_elems      = 0;
}

该函数将pts、dts设为AV_NOPTS_VALUE，将pos初始化为-1，将其他参数设为0或空值；随后在一个while循环中，调用ff_read_packet函数读取数据：

int ff_read_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
{
    int ret, i, err;
    AVStream *st;

    for(;;){
        AVPacketList *pktl = s->raw_packet_buffer;

        if (pktl) {
            *pkt = pktl->pkt;
            st = s->streams[pkt->stream_index];
            if (s->raw_packet_buffer_remaining_size <= 0) {
                if ((err = probe_codec(s, st, NULL)) < 0)
                    return err;
            }
            if(st->request_probe <= 0){
                s->raw_packet_buffer = pktl->next;
                s->raw_packet_buffer_remaining_size += pkt->size;
                av_free(pktl);
                return 0;
            }
        }

        pkt->data = NULL;
        pkt->size = 0;
        av_init_packet(pkt);
        ret= s->iformat->read_packet(s, pkt);
        if (ret < 0) {
            if (!pktl || ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN))
                return ret;
            for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
                st = s->streams[i];
                if (st->probe_packets) {
                    if ((err = probe_codec(s, st, NULL)) < 0)
                        return err;
                }
                av_assert0(st->request_probe <= 0);
            }
            continue;
        }

        if ((s->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_DISCARD_CORRUPT) &&
            (pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_CORRUPT)) {
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING,
                   "Dropped corrupted packet (stream = %d)\n",
                   pkt->stream_index);
            av_free_packet(pkt);
            continue;
        }

        if(!(s->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_KEEP_SIDE_DATA))
            av_packet_merge_side_data(pkt);

        if(pkt->stream_index >= (unsigned)s->nb_streams){
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Invalid stream index %d\n", pkt->stream_index);
            continue;
        }

        st= s->streams[pkt->stream_index];
        pkt->dts = wrap_timestamp(st, pkt->dts);
        pkt->pts = wrap_timestamp(st, pkt->pts);

        force_codec_ids(s, st);

        /* TODO: audio: time filter; video: frame reordering (pts != dts) */
        if (s->use_wallclock_as_timestamps)
            pkt->dts = pkt->pts = av_rescale_q(av_gettime(), AV_TIME_BASE_Q, st->time_base);

        if(!pktl && st->request_probe <= 0)
            return ret;

        add_to_pktbuf(&s->raw_packet_buffer, pkt, &s->raw_packet_buffer_end);
        s->raw_packet_buffer_remaining_size -= pkt->size;

        if ((err = probe_codec(s, st, pkt)) < 0)
            return err;
    }
}

该函数从AVFormatContext指针格式的媒体文件句柄中读取待解码数据，并储存于AVPacket实例中。当读取成功时返回0，读取失败则返回AVERROR值。
该函数调用av_init_packet对参数pkg初始化，并调用iformat的方法read_packet读取数据。在本demo中，AVFormatContext实例中iformat成员为ff_mov_demuxer，如下所示：

AVInputFormat ff_mov_demuxer = {
    .name           = "mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2",
    .long_name      = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("QuickTime / MOV"),
    .priv_data_size = sizeof(MOVContext),
    .read_probe     = mov_probe,
    .read_header    = mov_read_header,
    .read_packet    = mov_read_packet,
    .read_close     = mov_read_close,
    .read_seek      = mov_read_seek,
    .priv_class     = &mov_class,
    .flags          = AVFMT_NO_BYTE_SEEK,
};

其read_packet指针指向mov_read_packet函数，这个函数的内容也比较长，暂时就不贴了，有时间慢慢分析。